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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Jan 1997, 98-101, Vol 35, No. 1
Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

New, ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay for detecting vaccine- and disease-induced hepatitis A virus-specific immunoglobulin G in saliva

JJ Ochnio, DW Scheifele, M Ho and LA Mitchell
Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC's Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada. jochnio@wpog.childhosp.bc.ca

Although detection of disease-induced hepatitis A virus (HAV)-specific antibodies in saliva has been successfully utilized in a few epidemiological studies, available assays fail to detect lower salivary anti-HAV levels associated with vaccine-induced immunity. We present a new capture enzyme immunoassay which employs a three-layer antibody recognition system. Evaluation of paired saliva-serum specimens from 1,025 international travellers, 134 other volunteers, and 91 hepatitis A vaccine recipients demonstrated 99.6% (95% confidence interval, 98.4 to 99.9) specificity and 98.7% (95% confidence interval, 97.7 to 99.4) sensitivity of this salivary assay in differentiating between immune and susceptible individuals, compared with serum-based methods. We conclude that this assay is sufficiently sensitive for reliable detection of both vaccine- and infection-induced HAV-specific immunoglobulin G in saliva, even when corresponding anti-HAV levels in serum are very low (< 1 IU/ml).


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Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. ALL ASM JOURNALS

Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.