This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Mitchell, P. S. Articles by Persing, D. H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Mitchell, P. S. Articles by Persing, D. H.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 11 1997, 2873-2877, Vol 35, No. 11
Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Laboratory diagnosis of central nervous system infections with herpes simplex virus by PCR performed with cerebrospinal fluid specimens [In Process Citation]

PS Mitchell, MJ Espy, TF Smith, DR Toal, PN Rys, EF Berbari, DR Osmon and DH Persing
Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Until recently, the laboratory diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infections with herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been limited by poor sensitivity and/or specificity. We assessed the diagnostic utility of PCR for detection of HSV in over 2,100 specimens referred to the Mayo Clinic from August 1993 to May 1996. DNA extracted from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples with IsoQuick was amplified by PCR with oligonucleotide primers directed to the DNA polymerase gene of HSV, yielding a 290-bp amplicon. HSV DNA was detected in 150 (135 by gel electrophoresis, 15 by Southern blotting only) of 2,106 (7.1%) specimens. PCR-positive CNS disease occurred in patients ranging in age from 13 days to 89 years; 59% of the cases occurred in patients between the ages of 30 and 69, and 21 (14%) of the patients were infants. Genotype analysis was not routinely performed; however, amplification of a 335-bp product within the thymidine kinase gene of HSV revealed 13 positions within a span of 80 nucleotides that accurately identified the two serotypes of the virus according to 14 reference strains. We conclude that PCR detection of HSV DNA in CSF specimens should be considered an emerging "gold standard" for the laboratory diagnosis of CNS infections with this virus.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Reil, H., Bartlime, A., Drerup, J., Grewing, T., Korn, K. (2008). Clinical Validation of a New Triplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Detection and Discrimination of Herpes simplex Virus Types 1 and 2. J. Mol. Diagn. 10: 361-367 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Espy, M. J., Uhl, J. R., Sloan, L. M., Buckwalter, S. P., Jones, M. F., Vetter, E. A., Yao, J. D. C., Wengenack, N. L., Rosenblatt, J. E., Cockerill, F. R. III, Smith, T. F. (2006). Real-Time PCR in Clinical Microbiology: Applications for Routine Laboratory Testing. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 19: 165-256 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stevenson, J., Hymas, W., Hillyard, D. (2005). Effect of Sequence Polymorphisms on Performance of Two Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 2391-2398 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Enomoto, Y., Yoshikawa, T., Ihira, M., Akimoto, S., Miyake, F., Usui, C., Suga, S., Suzuki, K., Kawana, T., Nishiyama, Y., Asano, Y. (2005). Rapid Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection by a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 951-955 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• DeBiasi, R. L., Tyler, K. L. (2004). Molecular Methods for Diagnosis of Viral Encephalitis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 17: 903-925 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Smalling, T. W., Sefers, S. E., Li, H., Tang, Y.-W. (2002). Molecular Approaches To Detecting Herpes Simplex Virus and Enteroviruses in the Central Nervous System. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 2317-2322 [Full Text]  
• Aldea, C., Alvarez, C. P., Folgueira, L., Delgado, R., Otero, J. R. (2002). Rapid Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA in Genital Ulcers by Real-Time PCR Using SYBR Green I Dye as the Detection Signal. J. Clin. Microbiol. 40: 1060-1062 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Markoulatos, P., Georgopoulou, A., Siafakas, N., Plakokefalos, E., Tzanakaki, G., Kourea-Kremastinou, J. (2001). Laboratory Diagnosis of Common Herpesvirus Infections of the Central Nervous System by a Multiplex PCR Assay. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: 4426-4432 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Read, S. J., Mitchell, J. L., Fink, C. G. (2001). LightCycler Multiplex PCR for the Laboratory Diagnosis of Common Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: 3056-3059 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Espy, M. J., Rys, P. N., Wold, A. D., Uhl, J. R., Sloan, L. M., Jenkins, G. D., Ilstrup, D. M., Cockerill, F. R. III, Patel, R., Rosenblatt, J. E., Smith, T. F. (2001). Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA in Genital and Dermal Specimens by LightCycler PCR after Extraction using the IsoQuick, MagNA Pure, and BioRobot 9604 Methods. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: 2233-2236 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hukkanen, V., Rehn, T., Kajander, R., Sjöroos, M., Waris, M. (2000). Time-Resolved Fluorometry PCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus in Cerebrospinal Fluid. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: 3214-3218 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Johnson, G., Nelson, S., Petric, M., Tellier, R. (2000). Comprehensive PCR-Based Assay for Detection and Species Identification of Human Herpesviruses. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: 3274-3279 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kessler, H. H., Mühlbauer, G., Rinner, B., Stelzl, E., Berger, A., Dörr, H.-W., Santner, B., Marth, E., Rabenau, H. (2000). Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA by Real-Time PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: 2638-2642 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Read, S. J, Burnett, D., Fink, C. G (2000). Molecular techniques for clinical diagnostic virology. J. Clin. Pathol. 53: 502-506 [Full Text]  
• Espy, M. J., Uhl, J. R., Mitchell, P. S., Thorvilson, J. N., Svien, K. A., Wold, A. D., Smith, T. F. (2000). Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections in the Clinical Laboratory by LightCycler PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: 795-799 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hofgartner, W. T., Huhmer, A. F.R., Landers, J. P., Kant, J. A. (1999). Rapid Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Using Microchip Electrophoresis of PCR Products. Clin. Chem. 45: 2120-2128 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, N. Y., Tang, Y.-W., Espy, M. J., Kolbert, C. P., Rys, P. N., Mitchell, P. S., Day, S. P., Henry, S. L., Persing, D. H., Smith, T. F. (1999). Role of Genotypic Analysis of the Thymidine Kinase Gene of Herpes Simplex Virus for Determination of Neurovirulence and Resistance to Acyclovir. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 3171-3174 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tang, Y.-W., Mitchell, P. S., Espy, M. J., Smith, T. F., Persing, D. H. (1999). Molecular Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections in the Central Nervous System. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 2127-2136 [Full Text]  
• Ryncarz, A. J., Goddard, J., Wald, A., Huang, M.-L., Roizman, B., Corey, L. (1999). Development of a High-Throughput Quantitative Assay for Detecting Herpes Simplex Virus DNA in Clinical Samples. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 1941-1947 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Read, S. J., Kurtz, J. B. (1999). Laboratory Diagnosis of Common Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System by Using a Single Multiplex PCR Screening Assay. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 1352-1355 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Minjolle, S., Michelet, C., Jusselin, I., Joannes, M., Cartier, F., Colimon, R. (1999). Amplification of the Six Major Human Herpesviruses from Cerebrospinal Fluid by a Single PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 950-953 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chandler, L. J., Borucki, M. K., Dobie, D. K., Wasieloski, L. P., Thompson, W. H., Gundersen, C. B., Case, K., Beaty, B. J. (1998). Characterization of La Crosse Virus RNA in Autopsied Central Nervous System Tissues. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 3332-3336 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tang, Y.-W., Rys, P. N., Rutledge, B. J., Mitchell, P. S., Smith, T. F., Persing, D. H. (1998). Comparative Evaluation of Colorimetric Microtiter Plate Systems for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus in Cerebrospinal Fluid. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 2714-2717 [Abstract] [Full Text]