This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Osman, O. F.
Right arrow Articles by Kager, P. A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Osman, O. F.
Right arrow Articles by Kager, P. A.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 1998, p. 1621-1624, Vol. 36, No. 6
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Use of PCR for Diagnosis of Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis

Omran F. Osman,1,2 Linda Oskam,3,* Nel C. M. Kroon,3 Gerard J. Schoone,3 El-Tahir A. G. Khalil,1 Ahmed M. El-Hassan,1 Ed E. Zijlstra,1,2 and Piet A. Kager2

Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan,1 and Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, University of Amsterdam,2 and Department of Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute,3 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Received 13 November 1997/Returned for modification 8 February 1998/Accepted 15 March 1998

Microscopy and PCR were compared for use in the diagnosis of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) in 63 patients. Aspirates of lymph nodes (samples from 52 patients), skin (23 samples), and bone marrow (18 samples) were used. For 11 patients lymph node aspiration could be repeated 6 months after they recovered from PKDL. During active PKDL, PCR was positive for 42 of 52 (80.8%) lymph node aspirates and 19 of 23 (82.7%) skin aspirates, whereas microscopy was positive for only 9 of 52 (17.3%) lymph node aspirates and 7 of 23 (30.4%) skin aspirates. PCR was always positive when parasites were seen by microscopy. When the results obtained with lymph node and skin aspirates from the same patient (n = 16) were compared, there was complete agreement. Bone marrow samples were negative by microscopy and PCR for 16 patients and positive by both methods for 1 patient; for one sample only the PCR was positive. PCR confirmed the co-occurrence of visceral leishmaniasis and PKDL in one patient and confirmed the suspicion of this co-occurrence in the other patient. After recovery, no parasites were found by microscopy, but 2 of 11 (18.2%) samples were still positive by PCR. Thirty negative controls were all found to be PCR negative, and 15 positive controls were all PCR positive. Cross-reactions with Mycobacterium leprae could be ruled out. In conclusion, PCR with inguinal lymph node or skin aspirates is suitable for confirming the clinical diagnosis of PKDL. In some patients, lymph node aspirates are probably preferred because aspiration of material from the skin may leave scars.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Department of Biomedical Research, Meibergdreef 39, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Phone: (31)-20-5665441. Fax: (31)-20-6971841. E-mail: bo{at}mail.support.nl.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 1998, p. 1621-1624, Vol. 36, No. 6
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Singh, R., Subba Raju, B. V., Jain, R. K., Salotra, P. (2005). Potential of Direct Agglutination Test Based on Promastigote and Amastigote Antigens for Serodiagnosis of Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis. CVI 12: 1191-1194 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Saha, S., Mazumdar, T., Anam, K., Ravindran, R., Bairagi, B., Saha, B., Goswami, R., Pramanik, N., Guha, S. K., Kar, S., Banerjee, D., Ali, N. (2005). Leishmania Promastigote Membrane Antigen-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunoblotting for Differential Diagnosis of Indian Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 1269-1277 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sreenivas, G., Ansari, N. A., Kataria, J., Salotra, P. (2004). Nested PCR Assay for Detection of Leishmania donovani in Slit Aspirates from Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Lesions. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42: 1777-1778 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Salotra, P, Sreenivas, G, Beena, K R, Mukherjee, A, Ramesh, V (2003). Parasite detection in patients with post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in India: a comparison between molecular and immunological methods. J. Clin. Pathol. 56: 840-843 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Salotra, P., Sreenivas, G., Nasim, A. A., Subba Raju, B. V., Ramesh, V. (2002). Evaluation of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis with Crude or Recombinant k39 Antigen. CVI 9: 370-373 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bretagne, S., Durand, R., Olivi, M., Garin, J.-F., Sulahian, A., Rivollet, D., Vidaud, M., Deniau, M. (2001). Real-Time PCR as a New Tool for Quantifying Leishmania infantum in Liver in Infected Mice. CVI 8: 828-831 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Salotra, P., Sreenivas, G., Pogue, G. P., Lee, N., Nakhasi, H. L., Ramesh, V., Negi, N. S. (2001). Development of a Species-Specific PCR Assay for Detection of Leishmania donovani in Clinical Samples from Patients with Kala-Azar and Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: 849-854 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ramírez, J. R., Agudelo, S., Muskus, C., Alzate, J. F., Berberich, C., Barker, D., Velez, I. D. (2000). Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Colombia: the Sampling Site within Lesions Influences the Sensitivity of Parasitologic Diagnosis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: 3768-3773 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»