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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 1998, p. 1700-1703, Vol. 36, No. 6
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Proliferative Enterocolitis Associated with Dual Infection with Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Lawsonia intracellularis in Rabbits

David B. Schauer,1,2,* Sonya N. McCathey,1 Barbara M. Daft,3 Sharda S. Jha,2 Lisa E. Tatterson,2 Nancy S. Taylor,1 and James G. Fox1,2

Divisions of Comparative Medicine1 and Toxicology,2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, and California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System, University of California, San Bernardino Branch, San Bernardino, California 924123

Received 1 October 1997/Returned for modification 19 February 1998/Accepted 26 February 1998

Both enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and an obligate intracellular bacterium, previously referred to as an intracellular Campylobacter-like organism and now designated Lawsonia intracellularis, have been reported as causes of enterocolitis in rabbits. An outbreak of enterocolitis in a group of rabbits, characterized by an unusually high rate of mortality, was found to be associated with dual infection with EPEC and L. intracellularis. The EPEC strain was found to have eaeA gene homology but was negative for afrA homology. The absence of the afrA gene, which encodes the structural subunit for the AF/R1 pilus, indicates that this rabbit EPEC strain is distinct from the prototypic RDEC-1 strain. This finding suggests that rabbit EPEC strains widely reported in Western Europe, which lack AF/R1 pili, are also present in rabbits in the United States. Dual infection with these two pathogens in rabbits has not been previously reported and may have contributed to the unusually high mortality observed in this outbreak.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: MIT, Room 56-787B, Cambridge, MA 02139. Phone: (617) 253-8113. Fax: (617) 258-0225. E-mail: schauer{at}mit.edu.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 1998, p. 1700-1703, Vol. 36, No. 6
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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