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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 1998, p. 2264-2270, Vol. 36, No. 8
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Canine Intestinal Spirochetes Consist of Serpulina pilosicoli and a Newly Identified Group Provisionally Designated "Serpulina canis" sp. nov.dagger

G. E. Duhamel,1,* D. J. Trott,2,Dagger N. Muniappa,1,§ M. R. Mathiesen,1 K. Tarasiuk,3,parallel J. I. Lee,2,# and D. J. Hampson2

Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-09051; Division of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia2; and National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland3

Received 19 February 1998/Returned for modification 17 April 1998/Accepted 12 May 1998

The spirochetes inhabiting the large intestines of humans and animals consist of a diverse group of related organisms. Intestinal spirochetosis caused by Serpulina pilosicoli is a newly recognized enteric disease of human beings and animals with potential public health significance. The purpose of this study was to determine the species identity of canine intestinal spirochetes by comparing 30 isolates obtained from dogs in Australia (n = 25) and the United States (n = 5) with reference strains representing Serpulina species and Brachyspira aalborgi, by phenotypic and genetically based typing methods. All of the canine isolates were indole negative and produced a weak beta -hemolysis when cultured anaerobically on agar medium containing blood. Four isolates were identified as S. pilosicoli by 16S rRNA-specific PCR assays, rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphism or ribotyping, and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. The remaining 26 isolates formed a cluster related to porcine Serpulina innocens as determined by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis but had a unique ribotype pattern. The data suggested the existence of a novel Serpulina species, provisionally designated "Serpulina canis," colonizing the intestines of dogs.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Room 147, Veterinary Basic Science Bldg., Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska---Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0905. Phone: (402) 472-3862. Fax: (402) 472-9690. E-mail: Vets041{at}unlvm.unl.edu.

dagger Paper no. 12157 of the Agriculture Research Division, Institute for Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska---Lincoln.

Dagger Present address: National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa.

§ Present address: Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing.

parallel Present address: Pig Improvement Company, Central Europe, Pulawy, Poland.

# Present address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 1998, p. 2264-2270, Vol. 36, No. 8
0095-1137/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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