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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, November 1999, p. 3681-3687, Vol. 37, No. 11
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of "Streptococcus milleri" Group Isolates from a Veterans Administration Hospital Population

Jill E. Clarridge III,1,2,3,* Cheryl Osting,3 Mehri Jalali,1 Janet Osborne,3 and Michael Waddington4

Department of Pathology1 and Department of Microbiology and Immunology,2 Baylor College of Medicine, and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,3 Houston, Texas, and MIDI Labs Inc., Newark, Delaware4

Received 25 May 1999/Returned for modification 8 July 1999/Accepted 9 August 1999

Because identification of the species within the "Streptococcus milleri" group is difficult for the clinical laboratory as the species share overlapping phenotypic characteristics, we wished to confirm biochemical identification with identification by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Ninety-four clinical isolates previously identified as the "Streptococcus milleri" group were reclassified as S. anginosus, S. constellatus, or S. intermedius with the API 20 Strep system (bioMerieux Vikek, Hazelton, Mo.) and the Fluo-card (Key Scientific, Round Rock, Tex.). In addition, we determined the Lancefield group, hemolysis, colony size, colony texture, repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) pattern, and cellular fatty acid (CFA) profile (MIDI, Newark, Del.). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis with 40 selected representative strains showed three distinct groups, with S. constellatus and S. intermedius found to be more closely related to each other than to S. anginosus, and further distinguished a biochemically distinct group of urogenital isolates within the S. anginosus group of isolates. Except for strains unreactive with the Fluo-card (8%), all S. anginosus and S. intermedius strains identified by sequencing were similarly identified by biochemical testing. However, 23% of the selected S. constellatus isolates identified by sequencing (9% of all S. constellatus isolates) would have been identified as S. anginosus or S. intermedius by biochemical tests. Although most S. anginosus strains formed one unique cluster by CFA analysis and most S. constellatus strains showed similar rep-PCR patterns, neither method was sufficiently dependable for identification. Whereas Lancefield group or lactose fermentation did not correspond to sequence or biochemical type, S. constellatus was most likely to be beta-hemolytic and S. intermedius was most likely to have a dry colony type. The most frequent isolate in our population was S. constellatus, followed by S. anginosus. There was an association of S. anginosus with a gastrointestinal or urogenital source, and there was an association of S. constellatus and S. intermedius with both the respiratory tract and upper-body abscesses.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Services (113), VA Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, 2002 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030. Phone: (713) 794-7336. Fax: (713) 794-7657. E-mail: jillc{at}bcm.tmc.edu.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, November 1999, p. 3681-3687, Vol. 37, No. 11
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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