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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, December 1999, p. 4020-4027, Vol. 37, No. 12
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Bacteremia Due to Extended-Spectrum beta -Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Pediatric Oncology Ward: Clinical Features and Identification of Different Plasmids Carrying both SHV-5 and TEM-1 Genes

L. K. Siu,1 Po-Liang Lu,2 Po-Ren Hsueh,2,3 F. M. Lin,1 Shan-Chwen Chang,2,* Kwen-Tay Luh,2,3 Monto Ho,1 and Chin-Yun Lee4

Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institute,1 and Departments of Internal Medicine,2 Laboratory Medicine,3 and Pediatrics,4 National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

Received 14 June 1999/Returned for modification 12 August 1999/Accepted 15 September 1999

Thirteen patients who had 16 episodes of bacteremia were observed between 1993 and 1997 in a pediatric oncology ward with a high background isolation rate of cefotaxime- or aztreonam-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Four blood isolates were Escherichia coli and 12 were Klebsiella pneumoniae, and these isolates harbored extended-spectrum beta -lactamases (ESBLs). All episodes of bacteremia were nosocomial, all except one of the episodes occurred in neutropenic patients, and all patients were treated with piperacillin or ceftazidime with amikacin and cefazolin prior to the onset of bacteremia. Nine of 13 patients were receiving extended-spectrum beta -lactam treatment when the bacteremias caused by ESBL producers occurred. Molecular studies revealed that four K. pneumoniae SHV-2-producing isolates from 1994 were of the same clone. Other ESBL producers, including six that carried both TEM-1 and SHV-5, five that carried SHV-5, and one that carried SHV-2 alone, were unrelated. In conclusion, SHV-5 was present in 11 of the 16 isolates and coexisted with TEM-1 in 6 isolates. Acquisition of resistance genes probably occurred under antibiotic selection pressure. This study highlights the importance of routine checks for and detection of ESBL producers. Effective therapy against ESBL producers should be considered early for children who have malignancies and neutropenia and who are septic, despite treatment with a regimen that includes an extended-spectrum beta -lactam, in a clinical setting of an increased incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. Phone: 886-2-2397-0800, ext. 5045. Fax: 886-2-2397-1412. E-mail: sc4030{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, December 1999, p. 4020-4027, Vol. 37, No. 12
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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