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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 1999, p. 2137-2141, Vol. 37, No. 7
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Borrelia burgdorferi in Tick Cell Culture Modulates Expression of Outer Surface Proteins A and C in Response to Temperature

Marygorret Obonyo,1 Ulrike G. Munderloh,1 Volker Fingerle,2 Bettina Wilske,2 and Timothy J. Kurtti1,*

Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108,1 and Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80336 Munich, Germany2

Received 21 August 1998/Returned for modification 28 September 1998/Accepted 23 March 1999

The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto downregulates outer surface protein A (OspA) and upregulates outer surface protein C (OspC) during tick feeding. The switching of these proteins correlates with increased spirochetal infectivity for the mammal. We examined the effect of temperature on differential expression of OspA and OspC by B. burgdorferi cocultivated with a cell line isolated from the vector tick Ixodes scapularis. The effect of incubation at 31, 34, or 37°C on expression of OspA and OspC by B. burgdorferi JMNT and N40 was analyzed by indirect fluorescent-antibody microscopy, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and immunoblotting. The amount of OspA relative to the amount of flagellin was highest in spirochetes cocultivated with tick cells at 31°C and declined with increasing temperature in both strains. OspC production was enhanced in spirochetes cocultivated with tick cells at 37°C. Spirochetes grown axenically in BSK-H medium also produced more OspC at 37°C, but OspA content was not appreciably affected by temperature. Our findings indicate that temperature, along with cultivation in a tick cell culture system, plays a role in the differential expression of OspA and enhances differential expression of OspC by spirochetes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108-6125. Phone: (612) 624-4740. Fax: (612) 625-5299. E-mail: Kurtt001{at}maroon.tc.umn.edu.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 1999, p. 2137-2141, Vol. 37, No. 7
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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