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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 1999, p. 2493-2497, Vol. 37, No. 8
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Phialemonium Fungemia: Two Documented Nosocomial Cases

Josep Guarro,1,* Marcio Nucci,2 Tiyomi Akiti,2 Josepa Gené,1 Josep Cano,1 M. Da Gloria C. Barreiro,2 and Carme Aguilar1

Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201-Reus, Spain,1 and Laboratorio de Micologia, Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil2

Received 21 December 1998/Returned for modification 18 February 1999/Accepted 30 April 1999

Two fungal isolates recovered from the blood of two immunosuppressed patients are described as Phialemonium curvatum. One patient died, while the other, who was infected with Exophiala jeanselmei at the same time, survived after successful treatment with itraconazole. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer sequences demonstrated that the isolates belonged to the same strain and that the source of infection was probably a catheter. The taxonomic position of P. curvatum is discussed, and Phialemonium dimorphosporum is considered a synonym. The in vitro inhibitory activities of six antifungal agents (amphotericin B, itraconazole, ketaconazole, miconazole, flucytosine, and fluconazole) were determined against seven isolates of Phialemonium. Except for flucytosine, all of them were remarkably effective. Phialemonium should be added to the list of potential causes of nosocomial fungemia in cancer patients.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unitat de Microbiologia, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer Sant Llorenç 21, 43201-Reus, Tarragona, Spain. Phone: 34 977759359. Fax: 34 977759322. E-mail: umb{at}fmcs.urv.es.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 1999, p. 2493-2497, Vol. 37, No. 8
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 1999 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.