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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 1999, p. 3001-3004, Vol. 37, No. 9
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Colonization of Mexican Patients by Multiple Helicobacter pylori Strains with Different vacA and cagA Genotypes

Rosario Morales-Espinosa,1 Gonzalo Castillo-Rojas,1 Gerardo Gonzalez-Valencia,1 Sergio Ponce de León,2 Alejandro Cravioto,1 John C. Atherton,3 and Yolanda López-Vidal1,*

Department of Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM,1 and Nutrition National Institute "Salvador Zubirán,"2 Mexico City, Mexico, and Division of Gastroenterology and Institute of Infections and Immunity, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom3

Received 4 January 1999/Returned for modification 16 March 1999/Accepted 7 June 1999

Helicobacter pylori virulence determinants have not previously been studied in detail in Latin Americans with H. pylori infections. We characterized the vacA (vacuolating cytotoxin gene A) and cagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) types of more than 400 single-colony isolates from 20 patients in Mexico City. For 17 patients H. pylori strains of two or more different vacA genotypes were isolated from gastric biopsy specimens, indicating infection with two or more strains of H. pylori. The most frequent vacA genotype was s1b/m1. vacA diversity was more marked than that described previously, in that isolates from seven patients had untypeable vacA midregions and isolates from nine patients had type s1 signal sequence coding regions which could not be further subtyped. Previously undescribed vacA type s2/m1 strains were found in five patients. All patients were infected with cagA-positive strains, but occasionally, these coexisted with small numbers of cagA-negative strains. In conclusion, coinfection with multiple H. pylori strains is common in Mexico, and vacA in these strains is genetically more diverse than has been described in other populations.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Avenida Universidad 3000, Copilco-Universidad, CP. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico. Phone: (525) 616-0844. Fax: (525) 603-2416*51. E-mail: lvidal{at}servidor.unam.mx.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 1999, p. 3001-3004, Vol. 37, No. 9
0095-1137/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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