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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2000, p. 3791-3795, Vol. 38, No. 10
Departamento Patología Animal I
(Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense,
28040 Madrid,1 Departamento de
Bacteriología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda,
28220 Madrid,2 and Laboratorio de
Sanidade e Producción Animal de Galicia, 27002 Lugo,3 Spain
Received 13 March 2000/Returned for modification 17 July
2000/Accepted 4 August 2000
The phenotypic and genetic analysis results for 84 isolates of
Lactococcus garvieae (including 62 strains from trout with lactococcosis from four different countries, 7 strains from cows and
water buffalos with subclinical mastitis, 3 from water, and 10 from
human clinical samples) are presented. There was great phenotypic
heterogeneity (13 different biotypes) based on the acidification of
saccharose, tagatose, mannitol, and cyclodextrin and the presence of
the enzymes pyroglutamic acid arylamidase and
N-acetyl-
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization of
Lactococcus garvieae Isolated in Spain from
Lactococcosis Outbreaks and Comparison with Isolates of Other
Countries and Sources
-glucosaminidase. L. garvieae
also exhibited high genetic diversity by pulsed-field gel
electrophoresis (PFGE), with 19 different pulsotypes among the isolates
of L. garvieae studied. Only epidemiologically related
strains, like the Spanish and Italian fish isolates and the cow and
water buffalo isolates, displayed a close genetic relationship by PFGE,
while the strains isolated from sporadic clinical cases, like the human
isolates, were genetically unrelated. Overall, a general correlation
between phenotypic and genetic data was observed. Epidemiological
analysis of biotype and PFGE results indicated that the trout
lactococcosis outbreaks in Spain and Portugal and those in France and
Italy were produced by genetically unrelated clones. In Spain, two
different clones were detected; the outbreaks diagnosed from 1995 onward were produced by a clone (biotype 2, pulsotype A1) which,
although genetically related, was different from the one that was
responsible for the outbreaks studied between 1991 and 1994 (biotype 1, pulsotype B). The Portuguese isolate had a biochemical profile
identical to that of the Spanish strain isolated from 1995 onward and
is also genetically closely related to this strain (pulsotype A2). There was a close relationship between the two pulsotypes (E and F)
found in the Italian isolates. The French isolate (biotype 3, pulsotype
D) was not genetically related to any other L. garvieae fish isolate. These results suggest the existence of diverse infection sources for the different lactococcosis outbreaks.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dpto.
Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria,
Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Phone: 34 91 3943716. Fax: 34 91 3943908. E-mail:
garayzab{at}eucmax.sim.ucm.es.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2000, p. 3791-3795, Vol. 38, No. 10
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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