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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2000, p. 1895-1900, Vol. 38, No. 5
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Direct Molecular Typing of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species in Synovial Samples from Patients with Lyme Arthritis

B. Jaulhac,1,* R. Heller,1 F. X. Limbach,2 Y. Hansmann,3 D. Lipsker,4 H. Monteil,1 J. Sibilia,2 and Y. Piémont1

Institut de Bactériologie de la Faculté de Médecine, Université Louis Pasteur and Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg,1 and Service de Rhumatologie,2 Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales,3 and Clinique Dermatologique,4 Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 6700 Strasbourg, France

Received 20 September 1999/Returned for modification 22 November 1999/Accepted 21 February 2000

Since Lyme arthritis was first described in the United States, it has now been reported in many countries of Europe. However, very few strains of the causative bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi, have been isolated from synovial samples. For this reason, different molecular direct typing methods were developed recently to assess which species could be involved in Lyme arthritis in Europe. We developed a simple oligonucleotide typing method with PCR fragments from the flagellin gene of B. burgdorferi sensu lato, which is able to differentiate seven different Borrelia species. Among 10 consecutive PCR-positive patients with Lyme arthritis from the northeastern France, two species were identified in synovial samples: B. burgdorferi sensu stricto in 9 cases and B. garinii in 1 case. Conversely, all B. burgdorferi sensu lato species detected in 10 consecutive PCR-positive biopsies from a second set of patients with erythema migrans from the same geographical area were identified as either B. afzelii or B. garinii (P < 0.001). These results indicate that B. burgdorferi sensu stricto is the principal but not the only Borrelia species involved in Lyme arthritis in northeastern France.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut de Bactériologie, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France. Phone: (33).3.88.21.19.76. Fax: (33).3.88.25.11.13. E-mail: benoit.jaulhac{at}medecine.u-strasbg.fr.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2000, p. 1895-1900, Vol. 38, No. 5
0095-1137/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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