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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2001, p. 3524-3529, Vol. 39, No. 10
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.10.3524-3529.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Great Diversity of Group A Rotavirus Strains and High Prevalence of Mixed Rotavirus Infections in India

Vivek Jain,1,dagger Bimal K. Das,2 Maharaj K. Bhan,2 Roger I. Glass,1 Jon R. Gentsch,1,* and the Indian Strain Surveillance Collaborating LaboratoriesDagger

Viral Gastroenteritis Section, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,1 and Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India2

Received 8 February 2001/Returned for modification 10 May 2001/Accepted 16 July 2001

We previously observed a marked diversity of rotavirus strains and a high prevalence of the uncommon serotype G9 in a small survey of rotavirus strains collected from six centers in India. In the present study, we characterized a larger collection of strains from children hospitalized with severe diarrhea in seven Indian cities between 1996 and 1998. A total of 287 strains were G and P genotyped by reverse transcription-PCR, and some were further characterized by electropherotyping and subgrouping. Of the four strains common globally, three were found in only 43% of samples (P[8], G1, 15%; P[4], G2, 22%; P[8], G4, 6%), whereas G9 strains made up 17% of the total. Three different G9 strains were present: a P[8], G9 strain, which displayed the long electropherotype and subgroup II VP6 specificity, and two P[6], G9 strains, one with the long electropherotype and subgroup II specificity and the other with the short electropherotype and subgroup I specificity. Marked diversity was observed among strains collected from different cities and collected over time. Of the 253 strains that were fully typed, 54 (21%) had a mixed G or P genotype. Serotype G2 strains were detected more often in infections caused by single strains than in mixed infections (P < 0.05), whereas serotype G1 strains were found more often in mixed infections than in infections caused by single strains (P < 0.05). The diversity of rotavirus strains and the high prevalence of mixed infections confirm trends reported earlier and help to better characterize the strains of rotavirus circulating in India. Vaccines under development should clearly target G9 strains, and G9 should be included as one of the common global serotypes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Viral Gastroenteritis Section, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS G-04, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-3577. Fax: (404) 639-3645. E-mail: jrg4{at}cdc.gov.

dagger Present address: Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.

Dagger Participants in Indian Strain Surveillance Collaborating Laboratories are S. S. Bhambal, Department of Pediatrics, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal; Nirmala Kerari, Bapuji Child Health Institute and Research Center, J. J. Medical College, Davengere; Harish Rawat, Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Nagpur; Lilita Bahl, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla; and Savitri Thakur, Department of Pediatrics, King George Medical College, Lucknow.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2001, p. 3524-3529, Vol. 39, No. 10
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.10.3524-3529.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.