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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2001, p. 3541-3547, Vol. 39, No. 10
The Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public
Health and Environmental Science, 582-1 Nishihamasada, Matsue, Shimane
699-0122,1 Department of Veterinary
Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori
680-8553,2 and Kurashiki Central
Hospital, Kurashiki, Okayama 710,3 Japan;
Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Academy of
Medical Science Siberian Branch, 690600 Vladivostok,
Russia4; Department of Clinical
Pathology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University, Seoul,
Korea5; and Department of
Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi,
People's Republic of China6
Received 7 March 2001/Returned for modification 26 May
2001/Accepted 5 July 2001
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis produces novel
superantigenic toxins designated YPMa (Y.
pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen), YPMb, and YPMc and has a
pathogenicity island termed HPI (high-pathogenicity island) and R-HPI
(the right-hand part of the HPI with truncation in its left-hand part)
on the chromosome. Analysis of the distribution of these
virulence factors allowed for differentiation of species Y.
pseudotuberculosis into six subgroups, thus reflecting the geographical spread of two main clones: the YPMa+
HPI
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.10.3541-3547.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Geographical Heterogeneity between Far Eastern and Western
Countries in Prevalence of the Virulence Plasmid, the Superantigen
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis-Derived Mitogen, and the
High-Pathogenicity Island among Yersinia
pseudotuberculosis Strains
Far Eastern systemic pathogenic type belonging to
serotypes O1b, -2a, -2b, -2c, -3, -4a, -4b, -5a, -5b, -6, -10, and
UT (untypeable) and the YPMs
HPI+
European gastroenteric pathogenic type belonging to serotypes O1a and
-1b. The YPMa+ HPI+ pathogenic type belonging
to serotypes O1b, -3, -5a, -5b, and UT and the YPMb+
HPI
nonpathogenic type belonging to
non-melibiose-fermenting serotypes O1b, -5a, -5b, -6, -7, -9, -10, -11, and -12 were prevalent in the Far East. The YPMc+
R-HPI+ European low-pathogenicity type belonging to
non-melibiose-fermenting serotype O3 and the YPMs
HPI
pathogenic type belonging to 15 serotypes were found
to be prevalent all over the world. This new information is useful for
a better understanding of the evolution and spread of Y.
pseudotuberculosis.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: The Shimane
Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, 582-1 Nishihamasada, Matsue, Shimane 699-0122, Japan. Phone: 81 852-36-8181. Fax: 81 852-36-6683. E-mail:
hiroshi{at}joho-shimane.or.jp.
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