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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2001, p. 3623-3632, Vol. 39, No. 10
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.10.3623-3632.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Spoligotype Diversity of Mycobacterium bovis Strains Isolated in France from 1979 to 2000

N. Haddad,1,* A. Ostyn,1 C. Karoui,1 M. Masselot,2 M. F. Thorel,1 S. L. Hughes,3 J. Inwald,3 R. G. Hewinson,3 and B. Durand4

Secteur des Mycobactéries, Unité des Zoonoses Bactériennes,1 and Unité d'Epidémiologie,4 Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (Afssa), Maisons-Alfort, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 5,2 France, and TB Research Group, Department of Bacterial Diseases, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA), Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, England3

Received 2 April 2001/Returned for modification 16 June 2001/Accepted 4 August 2001

The molecular fingerprints of 1,349 isolates of Mycobacterium bovis received between 1979 and August 2000 at Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (Afssa) have been obtained by spoligotyping. The majority of the isolates (1,266) were obtained from cattle living in France. An apparently high level of heterogeneity was observed between isolates. One hundred sixty-one spoligotypes were observed in total, of which 153 were from French isolates. The two predominant spoligotypes, designated BCG-like and GB54, accounted for 26 and 12% of the isolates, respectively. In addition, 84% of the spoligotypes were found fewer than 10 times. Analysis of the results by clustering and parsimony-based algorithms revealed that the majority of the spoligotypes were closely related. The predominant spoligotype was identical to that of the vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis BCG, which was isolated in France at the end of the 19th century. Some spoligotypes were closely associated with restricted geographical areas. Interestingly, some spoligotypes, which were frequently observed in France, were also observed in neighboring countries. Conversely, few spoligotypes were common to France and England, and those that were shared were observed at very different frequencies. This last point illustrates the potential role for an international data bank, which could help trace the spread of M. bovis across national borders.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UP de Maladies Contagieuses, 7 Ave. du Général de Gaulle, F-94704 Maisons Alfort Cedex, France. Phone: 33/1 43 96 71 32. Fax: 33/1 43 96 71 31. E-mail: haddad{at}vet-alfort.fr.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2001, p. 3623-3632, Vol. 39, No. 10
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.10.3623-3632.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.