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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, November 2001, p. 4103-4110, Vol. 39, No. 11
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.11.4103-4110.2001

Comparison of Methods for Identification of Mycobacterium abscessus and M. chelonae Isolates

Mitchell A. Yakrus,* S. Moises Hernandez, Margaret M. Floyd, David Sikes, W. Ray Butler, and Beverly Metchock

Tuberculosis/Mycobacteriology Branch, Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

Received 29 May 2001/Returned for modification 16 July 2001/Accepted 3 September 2001

Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium chelonae are two closely related species that are often not distinguished by clinical laboratories despite the fact they cause diseases requiring different treatment regimens. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 65-kDa heat shock protein gene, biochemical tests, and high-performance liquid chromatography of mycolic acids were used to identify 75 isolates as either M. abscessus or M. chelonae that were originally submitted for drug susceptibility testing. Only 36 of these isolates were submitted with an identification at the species level. Using the above methods, 46 of the isolates were found to be M. abscessus and 29 were identified as M. chelonae. Eight isolates originally submitted as M. chelonae were identified as M. abscessus, and one isolate submitted as M. abscessus was found to be M. chelonae. The four identification methods were in agreement in identifying 74 of the 75 isolates. In drug susceptibility testing, all isolates of M. abscessus exhibited resistance to tobramycin (MIC of 8 to >= 16 µg/ml), while all isolates of M. chelonae were susceptible to this drug (MIC of <= 4 µg/ml). The results suggest that once an identification method is selected, clinical laboratories should be able to easily identify isolates of M. abscessus and M. chelonae.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop FO8, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-1288. Fax: (404) 639-1287. E-mail: may2{at}cdc.gov.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, November 2001, p. 4103-4110, Vol. 39, No. 11
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.11.4103-4110.2001


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