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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, December 2001, p. 4544-4548, Vol. 39, No. 12
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.12.4544-4548.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Molecular Typing of Penicillium marneffei Isolates from Thailand by NotI Macrorestriction and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

Sompong Trewatcharegon,1 Stitaya Sirisinha,1,2 Amparat Romsai,3 Boonchaoy Eampokalap,4 Rawee Teanpaisan,5 and Sansanee C. Chaiyaroj1,2,*

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University,1 Laboratory of Immunology, Chulabhorn Research Institute,2 and Bamrajnaradura Hospital, Ministry of Public Health,4 Bangkok, Lanna Medical Laboratory, Chiang Mai,3 and Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla,5 Thailand

Received 2 July 2001/Returned for modification 16 July 2001/Accepted 20 September 2001

Penicillium marneffei is recognized as one of the most frequently detected opportunistic pathogens of AIDS patients in northern Thailand. We undertook a genomic epidemiology study of 64 P. marneffei isolates collected from immunosuppressed patients by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with restriction enzyme NotI. Among the 69 isolates fingerprinted by PFGE, 17 were compared by HaeIII restriction endonuclease typing. The PFGE method demonstrated a higher degree of discriminatory power than restriction endonuclease typing with HaeII. Moreover, an impressive diversity of P. marneffei isolates was observed, as there were 54 distinct macrorestriction profiles among the 69 isolates of P. marneffei. These profiles were grouped into two large clusters by computer-assisted similarity analysis: macrorestriction pattern I (MPI) and MPII, with nine subprofiles (MPIa to MPIf and MPIIa to MPIIc). We observed no significant correlation between the macrorestriction patterns of the P. marneffei isolates and geographical region or specimen source. It is interesting that all isolates obtained before 1995 were MPI, and we found an increase in the incidence of infections with MPII isolates after 1995. We conclude that PFGE is a highly discriminatory typing method and is well suited for computer-assisted analysis. Together, PFGE and NotI macrorestriction allow reliable identification and epidemiological characterization of isolates as well as generate a manageable database that is convenient for expansion with information on additional P. marneffei isolates.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd., Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Phone: (662) 246 1358-74, ext. 6610. Fax: (662) 644-5411. E-mail: scscy{at}mahidol.ac.th.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, December 2001, p. 4544-4548, Vol. 39, No. 12
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.12.4544-4548.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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