Previous Article | Next Article 
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, March 2001, p. 954-958, Vol. 39, No. 3
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.3.954-958.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
In Vitro Fungicidal Activities of Voriconazole,
Itraconazole, and Amphotericin B against Opportunistic Moniliaceous and
Dematiaceous Fungi
Ana
Espinel-Ingroff*
Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical
College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
Virginia 23298-0049
Received 8 August 2000/Returned for modification 22 November
2000/Accepted 14 December 2000
The NCCLS proposed standard M38-P describes standard parameters for
testing the fungistatic antifungal activities (MICs) of established
agents against filamentous fungi (molds); however, standard conditions
are not available for testing their fungicidal activities (minimum
fungicidal or lethal concentrations [MFCs]). This study evaluated the
in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of voriconazole,
itraconazole, and amphotericin B against 260 common and emerging molds
(174 Aspergillus sp. isolates [five species], 23 Fusarium sp. isolates [three species], 6 Paecilomyces lilacinus isolates, 6 Rhizopus
arrhizus isolates, 23 Scedosporium sp. isolates, 23 dematiaceous fungi, and 5 Trichoderma longibrachiatum isolates). MICs were determined by following the NCCLS M38-P broth microdilution method. MFCs were the lowest drug dilutions that resulted
in fewer than three colonies. Voriconazole showed similar or better
fungicidal activity (MFC at which 90% of isolates tested are killed
[MFC90], 1 to 2 µg/ml) than the reference agents for Aspergillus spp. with the exception of Aspergillus
terreus (MFC90 of voriconazole and amphotericin B,
>8 µg/ml). The voriconazole geometric mean (G mean) MFC for
Scedosporium apiospermum was lower (2.52 µg/ml) than
those of the other two agents (5.75 to 7.5 µg/ml). In contrast,
amphotericin B and itraconazole G mean MFCs for R. arrhizus
were 2.1 to 2.2 µg/ml, but that for voriconazole was >8 µg/ml.
Little or no fungicidal activity was shown for Fusarium spp. (2 to >8 µg/ml) and Scedosporium prolificans (>8
µg/ml) by the three agents, but voriconazole had some activity
against P. lilacinus and T. longibrachiatum (G
mean MFCs, 1.8 and 4 µg/ml, respectively). The fungicidal activity of
the three agents was similar (G mean MFC, 1.83 to 2.36 µg/ml) for the
dematiaceous fungi with the exception of the azole MFCs (>8 µg/ml)
for some Bipolaris spicifera and Dactylaria
constricta var. gallopava. These data extend and
corroborate the available fungicidal results for the three agents. The
role of the MFC as a predictor of clinical outcome needs to be
established in clinical trials by following standardized testing
conditions for determination of these in vitro values.
*
Mailing address: Medical Mycology Research Laboratory,
Medical College of Virginia/VCU, P.O. Box 980049, 1101 E. Marshall St.,
Sanger Hall, Room 7049, Richmond, VA 23298-0049. Phone: (804) 828-9711. Fax: (804) 828-3097. E-mail: avingrof{at}hsc.vcu.edu.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, March 2001, p. 954-958, Vol. 39, No. 3
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.3.954-958.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
This article has been cited by other articles:
-
de la Escalera, C. M., Aller, A. I., Lopez-Oviedo, E., Romero, A., Martos, A. I., Canton, E., Peman, J., Martos, P. G., Martin-Mazuelos, E.
(2008). Activity of BAL 4815 against filamentous fungi. J Antimicrob Chemother
61: 1083-1086
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Lau, D., Fedinands, M., Leung, L., Fullinfaw, R., Kong, D., Davies, G., Daniell, M.
(2008). Penetration of Voriconazole, 1%, Eyedrops Into Human Aqueous Humor: A Prospective Open-Label Study. Arch Ophthalmol
126: 343-346
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Meletiadis, J., Antachopoulos, C., Stergiopoulou, T., Pournaras, S., Roilides, E., Walsh, T. J.
(2007). Differential Fungicidal Activities of Amphotericin B and Voriconazole against Aspergillus Species Determined by Microbroth Methodology. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
51: 3329-3337
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Supparatpinyo, K., Schlamm, H. T.
(2007). Voriconazole as Therapy for Systemic Penicillium marneffei Infections in AIDS Patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg
77: 350-353
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Su, C.-C., Hsu, H.-J., Wu, J.-J., Chou, C.-W.
(2007). Diagnosis of fusariosis in urine cytology. J. Clin. Pathol.
60: 422-424
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Ibrahim, A. S., Edwards, J. E. Jr, Fu, Y., Spellberg, B.
(2006). Deferiprone iron chelation as a novel therapy for experimental mucormycosis. J Antimicrob Chemother
58: 1070-1073
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Prasad, T., Saini, P., Gaur, N. A., Vishwakarma, R. A., Khan, L. A., Haq, Q. M. R., Prasad, R.
(2005). Functional Analysis of CaIPT1, a Sphingolipid Biosynthetic Gene Involved in Multidrug Resistance and Morphogenesis of Candida albicans. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
49: 3442-3452
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Khoschsorur, G., Fruehwirth, F., Zelzer, S.
(2005). Isocratic High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with Ultraviolet Detection for Simultaneous Determination of Levels of Voriconazole and Itraconazole and Its Hydroxy Metabolite in Human Serum. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
49: 3569-3571
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Mancini, N., Ossi, C. M., Perotti, M., Clementi, M., DiGiulio, D. B., Schaenman, J. M., Montoya, J. G., McClenny, N. B., Berry, G. J., Mirels, L. F., Rinaldi, M. G., Fothergill, A. W.
(2005). Molecular Mycological Diagnosis and Correct Antimycotic Treatments. J. Clin. Microbiol.
43: 3584-3585
[Full Text]
-
Krishnan, S., Manavathu, E. K., Chandrasekar, P. H.
(2005). A comparative study of fungicidal activities of voriconazole and amphotericin B against hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus. J Antimicrob Chemother
55: 914-920
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Dornbusch, H. J., Buzina, W., Summerbell, R. C., Lass-Florl, C., Lackner, H., Schwinger, W., Sovinz, P., Urban, C.
(2005). Fusarium verticillioides Abscess of the Nasal Septum in an Immunosuppressed Child: Case Report and Identification of the Morphologically Atypical Fungal Strain. J. Clin. Microbiol.
43: 1998-2001
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Schaenman, J. M., DiGiulio, D. B., Mirels, L. F., McClenny, N. M., Berry, G. J., Fothergill, A. W., Rinaldi, M. G., Montoya, J. G.
(2005). Scedosporium apiospermum Soft Tissue Infection Successfully Treated with Voriconazole: Potential Pitfalls in the Transition from Intravenous to Oral Therapy. J. Clin. Microbiol.
43: 973-977
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Mukherjee, P. K., Sheehan, D. J., Hitchcock, C. A., Ghannoum, M. A.
(2005). Combination Treatment of Invasive Fungal Infections. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
18: 163-194
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Linares, M. J., Charriel, G., Solis, F., Rodriguez, F., Ibarra, A., Casal, M.
(2005). Susceptibility of Filamentous Fungi to Voriconazole Tested by Two Microdilution Methods. J. Clin. Microbiol.
43: 250-253
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Steinbach, W. J., Perfect, J. R., Schell, W. A., Walsh, T. J., Benjamin, D. K. Jr.
(2004). In Vitro Analyses, Animal Models, and 60 Clinical Cases of Invasive Aspergillus terreus Infection. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
48: 3217-3225
[Full Text]
-
Mukhopadhyay, K., Prasad, T., Saini, P., Pucadyil, T. J., Chattopadhyay, A., Prasad, R.
(2004). Membrane Sphingolipid-Ergosterol Interactions Are Important Determinants of Multidrug Resistance in Candida albicans. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
48: 1778-1787
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Pfaller, M. A., Sheehan, D. J., Rex, J. H.
(2004). Determination of Fungicidal Activities against Yeasts and Molds: Lessons Learned from Bactericidal Testing and the Need for Standardization. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
17: 268-280
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Gil-Lamaignere, C., Roilides, E., Lyman, C. A., Simitsopoulou, M., Stergiopoulou, T., Maloukou, A., Walsh, T. J.
(2003). Human Phagocytic Cell Responses to Scedosporium apiospermum (Pseudallescheria boydii): Variable Susceptibility to Oxidative Injury. Infect. Immun.
71: 6472-6478
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Meletiadis, J., te Dorsthorst, D. T. A., Verweij, P. E.
(2003). Use of Turbidimetric Growth Curves for Early Determination of Antifungal Drug Resistance of Filamentous Fungi. J. Clin. Microbiol.
41: 4718-4725
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Favre, B., Hofbauer, B., Hildering, K.-S., Ryder, N. S.
(2003). Comparison of In Vitro Activities of 17 Antifungal Drugs against a Panel of 20 Dermatophytes by Using a Microdilution Assay. J. Clin. Microbiol.
41: 4817-4819
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Diekema, D. J., Messer, S. A., Hollis, R. J., Jones, R. N., Pfaller, M. A.
(2003). Activities of Caspofungin, Itraconazole, Posaconazole, Ravuconazole, Voriconazole, and Amphotericin B against 448 Recent Clinical Isolates of Filamentous Fungi. J. Clin. Microbiol.
41: 3623-3626
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Steinbach, W. J., Schell, W. A., Miller, J. L., Perfect, J. R.
(2003). Scedosporium prolificans Osteomyelitis in an Immunocompetent Child Treated with Voriconazole and Caspofungin, as Well as Locally Applied Polyhexamethylene Biguanide. J. Clin. Microbiol.
41: 3981-3985
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Nulens, E., Eggink, C., Rijs, A. J. M. M., Wesseling, P., Verweij, P. E.
(2003). Keratitis Caused by Scedosporium apiospermum Successfully Treated with a Cornea Transplant and Voriconazole. J. Clin. Microbiol.
41: 2261-2264
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Pearson, M. M, Rogers, P D., Cleary, J. D, Chapman, S. W
(2003). Voriconazole: A New Triazole Antifungal Agent. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
37: 420-432
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Aberkane, A., Cuenca-Estrella, M., Gomez-Lopez, A., Petrikkou, E., Mellado, E., Monzon, A., Rodriguez-Tudela, J. L., the Eurofung Network,
(2002). Comparative evaluation of two different methods of inoculum preparation for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. J Antimicrob Chemother
50: 719-722
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Espinel-Ingroff, A., Chaturvedi, V., Fothergill, A., Rinaldi, M. G.
(2002). Optimal Testing Conditions for Determining MICs and Minimum Fungicidal Concentrations of New and Established Antifungal Agents for Uncommon Molds: NCCLS Collaborative Study. J. Clin. Microbiol.
40: 3776-3781
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Espinel-Ingroff, A., Fothergill, A., Peter, J., Rinaldi, M. G., Walsh, T. J.
(2002). Testing Conditions for Determination of Minimum Fungicidal Concentrations of New and Established Antifungal Agents for Aspergillus spp.: NCCLS Collaborative Study. J. Clin. Microbiol.
40: 3204-3208
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Herbrecht, R., Denning, D. W., Patterson, T. F., Bennett, J. E., Greene, R. E., Oestmann, J.-W., Kern, W. V., Marr, K. A., Ribaud, P., Lortholary, O., Sylvester, R., Rubin, R. H., Wingard, J. R., Stark, P., Durand, C., Caillot, D., Thiel, E., Chandrasekar, P. H., Hodges, M. R., Schlamm, H. T., Troke, P. F., de Pauw, B., the Invasive Fungal Infections Group of the Europe,
(2002). Voriconazole versus Amphotericin B for Primary Therapy of Invasive Aspergillosis. NEJM
347: 408-415
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Balajee, S. A., Marr, K. A.
(2002). Conidial Viability Assay for Rapid Susceptibility Testing of Aspergillus Species. J. Clin. Microbiol.
40: 2741-2745
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
(2002). Voriconazole. JWatch Infect. Diseases
2002: 5-5
[Full Text]
-
Raj, R., Frost, A. E.
(2002). Scedosporium apiospermum Fungemia in a Lung Transplant Recipient*. Chest
121: 1714-1716
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Pfaller, M. A., Messer, S. A., Hollis, R. J., Jones, R. N.
(2002). Antifungal Activities of Posaconazole, Ravuconazole, and Voriconazole Compared to Those of Itraconazole and Amphotericin B against 239 Clinical Isolates of Aspergillus spp. and Other Filamentous Fungi: Report from SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 2000. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
46: 1032-1037
[Abstract]
[Full Text]