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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, April 2001, p. 1530-1535, Vol. 39, No. 4
Unité
Tuberculose-Peste1 and Centre National
de Référence des
Mycobactéries,2 Institut Pasteur, 101 Antananarivo, and Programme National de Lutte
Anti-Tuberculeuse, Ministère Santé,3
Madagascar, and Unité de Génétique
Mycobactérienne, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France4
Received 11 July 2000/Returned for modification 17 October
2000/Accepted 26 January 2001
The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Madagascar is 150 cases per
100,000 people. Because of this endemicity, we studied the genetic
diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in
four big cities in 1994 to 1995 with the aim of monitoring TB
transmission. Isolates from 316 cases of pulmonary TB
(PTM+) were typed by Southern hybridization with genetic
markers IS6110 and DR. Of the 316 PTM+ strains,
66 (20.8%) had a single IS6110 band and were
differentiated by the DR marker into 33 profiles. Using both markers,
37.7% (119) of the patients were clustered, a proportion similar to
that in countries with a high prevalence of TB. There was no
significant difference between clustered and nonclustered patients in
age, sex, Mycobacterium bovis BCG status, and drug
susceptibility of strains. Clustering was significantly greater in the
capital, Antananarivo, than in the other cities, suggesting a higher
rate of transmission. However, most of the patients in clusters were living in different areas, and, within a distance of 0.7 km, we did not
find epidemiologically unrelated strains with the same restriction
fragment length polymorphism profile. Despite an apparently low
polymorphism, genetic markers such as IS6110 are
potentially valuable for monitoring TB transmission. However, the high
proportion of Malagasy isolates with a single IS6110 copy
makes this marker alone unsuitable for typing. Additional markers such
as DR are necessary for the differentiation of the isolates and for
epidemiological surveys.
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.4.1530-1535.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
A Combination of Two Genetic Markers Is Sufficient for
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Typing of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis Complex in Areas with a High Incidence of
Tuberculosis
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unité
Tuberculose, Institut Pasteur, B.P. 1274, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Phone: 261-20-22-401 64. Fax: 261-20-22-415 34. E-mail:vrasolof{at}pasteur.mg.
Present address: Programme Lèpre/Tuberculose, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina-Faso.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, April 2001, p. 1530-1535, Vol. 39, No. 4
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.4.1530-1535.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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