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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, April 2001, p. 1566-1570, Vol. 39, No. 4
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.4.1566-1570.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Genotypic Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii Strains Associated with Human Toxoplasmosis in Spain: Direct Analysis from Clinical Samples

Isabel Fuentes,* Jose M. Rubio, Carmen Ramírez, and Jorge Alvar

Servicio de Parasitología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain

Received 8 September 2000/Returned for modification 20 November 2000/Accepted 26 January 2001

Genetic analysis of the SAG2 locus was performed to determine the prevalence of the different genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii (strain types I, II, and III) associated with human toxoplasmosis in Spain. This determination was made directly from primary clinical samples, obviating the previous process of isolation in mice or cell culture. A total of 34 isolates of T. gondii, collected from immunocompromised patients and congenital infection cases, were analyzed. Restriction fragment length polymorphism in PCR-amplified SAG2 products was used to group strains into one of the three genotypes of T. gondii. Complete characterization of the SAG2 gene was successful in 76.5% of the cases, demonstrating the feasibility of direct genotype analysis from clinical samples of different origins. Strains of T. gondii type II were the most prevalent in immunocompromised patients, with 52% of cases, while strains of type I were present in 75% of the congenital infection cases. These data differ from previous reports that show type II strains to be mostly associated with all kinds of human toxoplasmosis. These differences might be an effect of selection in the process of culture and isolation of the samples performed by other researchers prior to strain characterization.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Servicio de Parasitología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain. Phone: 34-915097901, ext. 3627. Fax: 34-915097034. E-mail: ifuentes{at}isciii.es.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, April 2001, p. 1566-1570, Vol. 39, No. 4
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.4.1566-1570.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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