Assignment of CDC Weak Oxidizer Group 2 (WO-2) to the Genus Pandoraea and Characterization of Three New Pandoraea Genomospecies

doi:10.1128/JCM.39.5.1819-1826.2001

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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2001, p. 1819-1826, Vol. 39, No. 5
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.5.1819-1826.2001

Assignment of CDC Weak Oxidizer Group 2 (WO-2) to the Genus Pandoraea and Characterization of Three New Pandoraea Genomospecies

Maryam I. Daneshvar,¹^,^* Dannie G. Hollis,¹ Arnold G. Steigerwalt,¹ Anne M. Whitney,¹ Laura Spangler,¹ Michael P. Douglas,¹ Jean G. Jordan,¹ John P. MacGregor,¹ Bertha C. Hill,² Fred C. Tenover,² Don J. Brenner,¹ and Robbin S. Weyant¹

Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases¹ and Hospital Infections Program,² National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

Received 25 August 2000/Returned for modification 14 November 2000/Accepted 22 February 2001

CDC weak oxidizer group 2 (WO-2) consists of nine phenotypically similar human clinical isolates received by the Centers forDisease Control and Prevention between 1989 and 1998. Four ofthe isolates were from blood, three were from sputum, and oneeach was from bronchial fluid and maxillary sinus. All are aerobicnonfermentative, motile gram-negative rods with one to eight polarflagella per cell. All grew at 25 and 35°C and were positive forcatalase, urease (usually delayed 3 to 7 days), citrate, alkalinizationof litmus milk, oxidization of glycerol (weakly), and growth onMacConkey agar and in nutrient broth without NaCl. All exceptone strain were oxidase positive with the Kovács method, andall except one isolate weakly oxidized D-glucose. All were negativefor oxidation of D-xylose, D-mannitol, lactose, sucrose, maltose,and 20 other carbohydrates, esculin hydrolysis, indole production,arginine dihydrolase, and lysine and ornithine decarboxylase.Only two of nine isolates reduced nitrate. Broth microdilutionsusceptibilities were determined for all strains against 13 antimicrobialagents. Most of the strains were resistant to ampicillin, extended-spectrumcephalosporins, and aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, tobramycin,and amikacin, but they varied in their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones.High-performance liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometricanalyses of the WO-2 group identified ubiquinone-8 as the majorquinone component. The percent G+C of the WO-2 strains rangedfrom 65.2 to 70.7% (thermal denaturation method). All shared acommon cellular fatty acid (CFA) profile, which was characterizedby relatively large amounts (7 to 22%) of 16:1 $omega$ 7c, 16:0, 17:0cyc,18:1 $omega$ 7c, and 19:0cyc^11-12; small amounts (1 to 3%) of 12:0 and 14:0; and eight hydroxyacids, 2-OH-12:0 (4%), 2-OH-14:0 (trace), 3-OH-14:0 (12%), 2-OH-16:1(1%), 2-OH-16:0 (3%), 3-OH-16:0 (4%), 2-OH-18:1 (2%), and 2-OH-19:0cyc(3%). This profile is similar to the CFA profile of Pandoraea,a recently described genus associated with respiratory infectionsin cystic fibrosis patients (T. Coenye et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol.Microbiol., 50:887-899, 2000). Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene(1,300 bp) for all nine strains indicated a high level ( $>=$ 98.8%)of homogeneity with Pandoraea spp. type strains. DNA-DNA hybridizationanalysis (hydroxyapatite method; 70°C) confirmed the identityof WO-2 with the genus Pandoraea and assigned three strains toPandoraea apista and three to Pandoraea pnomenusa, and identifiedthree additional new genomospecies containing one strain each(ATCC BAA-108, ATCC BAA-109, ATCC BAA-110). This study also showsthat Pandoraea isolates may be encountered in blood cultures frompatients without cysticfibrosis.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Mailstop D11, Atlanta,GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-3643. Fax: (404) 639-4421. E-mail:MDaneshvar{at}CDC.GOV.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2001, p. 1819-1826, Vol. 39, No. 5
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.5.1819-1826.2001

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