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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2001, p. 1877-1881, Vol. 39, No. 5
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.5.1877-1881.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Monoclonal Antibody-Based Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Morbillivirus Antibody in Marine Mammal Sera

Jeremiah T. Saliki1,2,* and Terry W. Lehenbauer2

Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory1 and Department of Veterinary Pathobiology,2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078

Received 13 November 2000/Returned for modification 28 January 2001/Accepted 8 March 2001

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA), using two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), was developed and compared with the standard virus neutralization test (VNT) for detecting antibodies against canine distemper virus (CDV) and phocine distemper virus (PDV) in sera from dogs and various species of marine mammals. The test depends on the blocking of MAb binding to solid-phase antigen in the presence of positive serum. Test conditions were optimized by using control VNT-negative and -positive sera specific for CDV and PDV. A positive cutoff value of 30% inhibition, which represents the mean cutoff of a VNT-negative population (n = 623) plus 2 standard deviations, was adopted for the test. A total of 736 serum samples were tested by the new cELISA and by the VNT as the "gold standard." An unexpected but useful finding was the ability of this CDV- and PDV-specific cELISA to also detect antibodies against the related pair dolphin morbillivirus and porpoise morbillivirus. Based on a subpopulation of 625 sera used in statistical analyses, the overall sensitivity and specificity of cELISA relative to those of the VNT were 94.9 and 97.7%, respectively. Because the cELISA proved to be nearly as sensitive and specific as the VNT while being simpler and more rapid, it would be an adequate screening test for suspect CDV or PDV cases and would also be useful for epidemiological surveillance of morbilliviral infections in marine mammal populations.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Farm Road and Ridge, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078. Phone: (405) 744-6623. Fax: (405) 744-8612. E-mail: jsaliki{at}okstate.edu.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2001, p. 1877-1881, Vol. 39, No. 5
0095-1137/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.5.1877-1881.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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