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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2002, p. 105-110, Vol. 40, No. 1
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.1.105-110.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Phylogeny-Based Rapid Identification of Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas from Urethritis Patients

Takashi Yoshida,1 Shin-Ichi Maeda,2 Takashi Deguchi,3 and Hiroaki Ishiko1*

Infectious Disease Laboratory, Mitsubishi Kagaku Bio-Clinical Laboratories, Inc., Shimura 3-30-1, Itabashi, Tokyo 174-8555,1 Department of Urology, Toyota Memorial Hospital, Heiwa-Machi, Toyota City, Aichi 471-0821,2 Department of Urology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Tsukasa-Machi 40, Gifu City, Gifu 500-8705, Japan3

Received 19 April 2001/ Returned for modification 9 October 2001/ Accepted 8 September 2001

Some strains of mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas (family Mycoplasmataceae) are associated with nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) or other genitourinary infections. We have developed a rapid and reliable method of identifying the presence and prevalence of mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas in men with NGU. This method is based on the amplification of a part of the 16S rRNA gene by PCR and phylogenetic analysis. A portion of the 16S rRNA gene from 15 prototype strains was amplified with a set of common primers, and their nucleotides were sequenced. The nucleotide sequence of the V4 and V5 regions was analyzed by the neighbor-joining method. The 15 prototype strains were grouped into three distinct clusters, allowing us to clearly segregate the strains into distinct lineages. To determine the prevalence of these pathogens among patients with NGU, this protocol was tested with 148 urine samples. Amplifications were observed for 42 samples, and their nucleotide sequences were analyzed along with those of the 15 prototype strains. The phylogenetic tree thus constructed indicated that 15 of the 42 formed a cluster with Mycoplasma genitalium. Among the remaining specimens, 2 formed a cluster with Mycoplasma hominis, 19 with Ureaplasma urealyticum, and 5 with Ureaplasma parvum; the remaining sample contained both M. genitalium and U. urealyticum. This phylogeny-based identification of mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas provides not only a powerful tool for rapid diagnosis but also the basis for etiological studies of these pathogens.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Infectious Disease Laboratory, Mitsubishi Kagaku Bio-Clinical Laboratories, Inc., 3-30-1 Shimura, Itabashi, Tokyo 174-8555, Japan. Phone: 81-3-5994-2332. Fax: 81-3-5994-2972. E-mail: Ishiko{at}m1.mbcl.co.jp.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2002, p. 105-110, Vol. 40, No. 1
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.1.105-110.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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