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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, November 2002, p. 4266-4272, Vol. 40, No. 11
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.11.4266-4272.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Virus Diversity in a Winter Epidemic of Acute Diarrhea in France

Roxane Chikhi-Brachet,1,2* Fabienne Bon,3,4 Laurent Toubiana,1 Pierre Pothier,3,4 Jean-Claude Nicolas,2 Antoine Flahault,1 and Evelyne Kohli3,4

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 444, Epidémiologie et Sciences de l'Information, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine,1 Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Rothschild, 75571 Paris,2 Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 21034 Dijon,3 Microbiologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Facultés de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université de Bourgogne, 21034 Dijon, France4

Received 4 October 2001/ Returned for modification 2 January 2002/ Accepted 28 June 2002

In France, an epidemic peak of acute diarrhea is observed each winter. Previous results suggested a viral etiology for these winter epidemics. We investigated the role of enteric viruses in acute diarrhea and their molecular diversity. One hundred sixty-one patients with acute diarrhea and 45 healthy patients (controls) from the general population were given a standardized questionnaire between December 1998 and May 1999. Stool specimens were screened for group A and C rotaviruses, human caliciviruses, astroviruses, and adenovirus types 40 and 41 by reverse transcription-PCR and/or enzyme immunoassay. Virologic analysis was positive for 63 cases (39%). Caliciviruses and group A rotaviruses were the most frequent (19 and 17% of cases, respectively). Two control stool specimens were found positive for group A rotavirus, and one was found positive for astrovirus. Molecular characterization of the strains disclosed a cocirculation of P[8],G1, P[8],G4, and P[4],G2 rotaviruses; type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 astroviruses; and Sapporo-like and Norwalk-like human caliciviruses. These four types of viruses accounted for an attributable risk of acute diarrhea of 34.7% for the general population, under the assumption of a causal role of these viruses.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: INSERM Unité 444, Epidémiologie et Sciences de l'Information, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, 75571 Paris, France. Phone: (33 1) 44 73 84 38. Fax: (33 1) 44 73 84 54. E-mail: roxane.brachet{at}u444.jussieu.fr.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, November 2002, p. 4266-4272, Vol. 40, No. 11
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.11.4266-4272.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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