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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, December 2002, p. 4466-4471, Vol. 40, No. 12
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.12.4466-4471.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

M Types of Group A Streptococcal Isolates Submitted to the National Centre for Streptococcus (Canada) from 1993 to 1999

Gregory J. Tyrrell,1,2,3* Marguerite Lovgren,1 Betty Forwick,1 Nancy P. Hoe,4 James M. Musser,4 and James A. Talbot1,3

The National Centre for Streptococcus, The Provincial Laboratory for Public Health for Alberta,1 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology,2 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2J2, Canada,3 Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 598404

Received 26 June 2002/ Returned for modification 2 September 2002/ Accepted 23 September 2002

The National Centre for Streptococcus (NCS) (Canada) determined the group A streptococcal (GAS) M types of 4,760 Canadian isolates submitted between 1993 and 1999 by classic serotyping. The 10 most frequently identified M types were M1 (26.4%), M12 (9.8%), M28 (8.9%), M3 (6.8%), M4 (6.2%), M11 (4.8%), M89 (3.1%), M6 (3.0%), M2 (2.6%), and M77 (1.9%). Nontypeable isolates accounted for 15.4% of the collection. The province of Ontario submitted 51.1% of the isolates, followed by Quebec (21.2%) and Alberta (13.9%). Together, these three provinces constituted 71.3% of the Canadian population in 1996. The numbers of M types M1, M12, M28, and M3 occurred most frequently in subjects whose ages were <1 to 15 years and 25 to 45 years, as well as in the elderly (60 to 90 years). Further analysis found that the four most frequently identified M types from blood, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid were M1 (28.2%), M28 (9.2%), M12 (9.1%), and M3 (8.2%), with 13.4% of isolates being nontypeable. The four isolates from throats most frequently identified were M1 (19.5%), M12 (15.3%), M3 (8.6%), and M28 (5%) with 19.4% of isolates being nontypeable. The sic gene of a subset of M1 strains (9.5% of the M1 collection) was sequenced. Of 36 sic types identified, the four most common were sic1.01 (22.8%), sic1.02 (14.9%), sic1.135 (10.5%), and sic1.178 (9.6%). Together these four sic types further characterized nearly 60% of the M1 strains sequenced. In summary, from the years 1993 to 1999, the NCS detected 54 M types, of which 10 different M types constituted 73.5% of the collection. M1 was the most common GAS M type circulating in the Canadian population, responsible for more than a quarter of the isolates typed. The most common throat isolates differed in M-type and proportion from those of invasive isolates. Sequencing the sic gene further characterized the most common M-type serotype 1 in a fashion that may be useful for epidemiologic investigations.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: 2B3.13, Walter Mackenzie Centre, 8220-112 St., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2J2, Canada. Phone: (780) 407-8949. Fax: (780) 407-3864. E-mail: g.tyrrell{at}provlab.ab.ca.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, December 2002, p. 4466-4471, Vol. 40, No. 12
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.12.4466-4471.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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