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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, April 2002, p. 1319-1325, Vol. 40, No. 4
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.4.1319-1325.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Frequency of Mutations Conferring Resistance to Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Patients in Korea

Departments of Microbiology,¹ Clinical Pathology,² Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine,³ Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University,⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University,⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University, Seoul, South Korea⁶

Received 19 September 2001/ Returned for modification 20 October 2001/ Accepted 12 January 2002

A nested PCR and direct sequencing methods were used to define human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) reverse transcriptase codons 41 to 219 in DNA from 127 peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples obtained from 35 patients treated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI). The follow-up period after the initiation of NRTI therapy was 61.8 ± 31 months (mean and standard deviation). In addition to NRTI therapy, 32 of 35 patients were simultaneously treated with Korean red ginseng. The annual decrease in the CD4⁺ T-cell count over 5 years was 13.2/µl. Twenty-eight (80%) of the 35 patients had mutations conferring resistance to NRTI. The frequencies of K70R, T215S/Y/F (i.e., mutation of T at codon 215 to S, Y, or F), D67N/E, K219Q, T69N/S/A, M41L, and L210W mutations conferring resistance to zidovudine were 57.6, 36.4, 36.4, 27.2, 24.2, 21.2, and 12.1%, respectively. Mutations conferring resistance to didanosine and lamivudine were detected in 2 (L74V and M184I; 14.2%) of 11 patients tested and in 4 (M184V; 57%) of 7 patients tested, respectively. In particular, the frequency of T69N/S/A increased sharply after more than 48 months of zidovudine monotherapy. However, Q151M was not detected. As the first report on the frequency of NRTI resistance mutations in Korea, our data suggest that genotypic antiretroviral drug testing should be considered for the design of better drug regimens to improve the management of HIV-1-infected patients.

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• Sung, H., Kang, S.-M., Lee, M.-S., Kim, T. G., Cho, Y.-K. (2005). Korean Red Ginseng Slows Depletion of CD4 T Cells in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Patients. CVI 12: 497-501 [Abstract] [Full Text]