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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2002, p. 1687-1693, Vol. 40, No. 5
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.5.1687-1693.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Molecular Epidemiology of Subgroup C Avian Pneumoviruses Isolated in the United States and Comparison with Subgroup A and B Viruses

Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108,¹ Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia 30605,² EBO Farms Atwater Laboratory, Atwater, Minnesota 56209,³ Minnesota Poultry Testing Laboratory, Minnesota Board of Animal Health, Willmar, Minnesota 56201⁴

Received 11 October 2001/ Returned for modification 29 December 2001/ Accepted 27 January 2002

The avian pneumovirus (APV) outbreak in the United States is concentrated in the north-central region, particularly in Minnesota, where more outbreaks in commercial turkeys occur in the spring (April to May) and autumn (October to December). Comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix (M), fusion (F), and second matrix (M2) genes of 15 U.S. APV strains isolated between 1996 and 1999 revealed between 89 and 94% nucleotide sequence identity and 81 to 95% amino acid sequence identity. In contrast, genes from U.S. viruses had 41 to 77% nucleotide sequence identity and 52 to 78% predicted amino acid sequence identity with European subgroup A or B viruses, confirming that U.S. viruses belonged to a separate subgroup. Of the five proteins analyzed in U.S. viruses, P was the most variable (81% amino acid sequence identity) and N was the most conserved (95% amino acid sequence identity). Phylogenetic comparison of subgroups A, B, and C viruses indicated that A and B viruses were more closely related to each other than either A or B viruses were to C viruses.

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