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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2002, p. 1767-1772, Vol. 40, No. 5
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.5.1767-1772.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Real-Time PCR Quantification of Human Cytomegalovirus DNA in Amniotic Fluid Samples from Mothers with Primary Infection

S. Gouarin,1 E. Gault,2 A. Vabret,1 D. Cointe,3 F. Rozenberg,4 L. Grangeot-Keros,3 P. Barjot,5 A. Garbarg-Chenon,2 P. Lebon,4 and F. Freymuth1*

Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology,1 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, 14033 Caen,5 Laboratory of Virology (EA2391), Hospital A. Trousseau, 75012 Paris,,2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hospital A. Beclere, 92141 Clamart,,3 Laboratory of Virology, Hospital St. Vincent de Paul, 75014 Paris, France4

Received 6 April 2001/ Returned for modification 7 July 2001/ Accepted 19 January 2002

A real-time PCR assay was developed to quantify human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA in amniotic fluid (AF) samples collected from 30 pregnant women with primary HCMV infection as detected either from HCMV-immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroconversion or by the presence of HCMV-specific IgG and IgM associated with a low IgG avidity. Clinical information available for each case included ultrasonographic examination and fetal or newborn outcome. HCMV infection of fetuses or newborns was confirmed for the 30 studied cases. AF samples were subdivided into three groups. In group A (n = 13), fetuses presented major ultrasound abnormalities, and pregnancy was terminated. In group B (n = 13), fetuses had normal ultrasound findings, the pregnancy went to term, and the newborns were asymptomatic at birth. In group C (n = 4), fetuses had no or minor ultrasonographic signs, and pregnancy was terminated. The HCMV DNA load values in AF samples were significantly higher in group A (median, 2.8 x 105 genome equivalents [GE]/ml) than in group B (median, 8 x 103 GE/ml) (P = 0.014). Our findings suggest that HCMV load level in AF samples correlates with fetal clinical outcome but might also be dependent on other factors, such as the gestational age at the time of AF sampling and the time elapsed since maternal infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology, University Hospital, Avenue G. Clemenceau, 14033 Caen, France. Phone: 33 2 31 27 25 54. Fax: 33 2 31 27 25 57. E-mail: freymuth-f{at}chu-caen.fr.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, May 2002, p. 1767-1772, Vol. 40, No. 5
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.5.1767-1772.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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