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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 2002, p. 1958-1962, Vol. 40, No. 6
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.6.1958-1962.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

High-Sensitivity PCR Detection of Parvovirus B19 in Plasma

P. Daly,1 A. Corcoran,1 B. P. Mahon,1,2 and S. Doyle1*

Department of Biology,1 Institute of Immunology, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland2

Received 27 November 2001/ Returned for modification 22 January 2002/ Accepted 1 March 2002

Parvovirus B19 (B19) is a human pathogen transmitted to susceptible individuals via respiratory secretions and contaminated blood or blood products. B19 levels in pooled plasma of less than 104 genome equivalents/ml may not be infectious, while those greater than 107/ml are capable of transmitting infection. A World Health Organization (WHO) B19 DNA international standard has been recently introduced. The purpose of the present work was to develop a PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA) calibrated against the WHO B19 DNA international standard which could easily and reliably detect B19 DNA levels in plasma above 104 IU/ml (6.5 x 103 genome equivalents/ml). A B19 PCR-ELISA system was developed which uses a dinitrophenylated oligonucleotide probe to detect immobilized biotinylated amplicons following single-round PCR amplification. The level of B19 DNA (in international units per milliliter) in individual and pooled plasma specimens was evaluated. Proteinase K treatment of plasma was found to be sufficient to quantitatively release B19 DNA. The B19 PCR-ELISA had a sensitivity of detection of 1.6 x 103 IU/ml B19 DNA and a dynamic range extending from 8 to 1,000 IU of B19 DNA (equivalent to 1.6 x 103 to 2 x 105 IU of B19 DNA/ml). Furthermore, the antibody profile of pooled plasma products was determined in terms of B19 immunoglobulin G (IgG) (in international units per milliliter). The B19 IgG level was found to be 64.7 ± 17.5 IU/ml (mean ± standard deviation). The B19 PCR-ELISA, which is calibrated against the B19 DNA international standard, may have an application for the rapid screening of plasma minipools for B19 DNA, thereby leading to an improvement in blood product safety.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biology, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland. Phone: 353-1-7083858. Fax: 353-1-7083845. E-mail: sean.doyle{at}may.ie.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, June 2002, p. 1958-1962, Vol. 40, No. 6
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.6.1958-1962.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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