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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 2002, p. 2420-2424, Vol. 40, No. 7
0095-1137/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.7.2420-2424.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Occurrence of a Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clone in Different Hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Flávia Lúcia Piffano Costa Pellegrino,¹ Lúcia Martins Teixeira,¹ Maria da Glória Siqueira Carvalho,¹ Simone Aranha Nouér,² Márcia Pinto de Oliveira,² Jorge Luiz Mello Sampaio,^3, Andrea D'Ávila Freitas,⁴ Adriana Lucia Pires Ferreira,² Efigenia de Lourdes Teixeira Amorim,⁵ Lee W. Riley,⁶ and Beatriz Meurer Moreira^1*

Instituto de Microbiologia,¹ Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho,² Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório LÂmina,³ Laboratório Dr. Sérgio Franco, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,⁵ Hospital das Clínicas de Niterói, Niterói, RJ, Brazil,⁴ School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California⁶

Received 28 January 2002/ Returned for modification 10 March 2002/ Accepted 22 April 2002

Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial infections are increasingly recognized worldwide. The existence of metallo-ß-lactamase- and extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing isolates exhibiting resistance to most ß-lactam antimicrobial agents greatly complicates the clinical management of patients infected with such isolates. Since 1998, P. aeruginosa isolates resistant to all commercially available antimicrobial agents have been detected at a university-affiliated public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The present study was designed to characterize the antimicrobial resistance profiles and the genetic diversity of the P. aeruginosa strains isolated at this hospital and four private hospitals in Rio de Janeiro. Between April 1999 and March 2000, 200 consecutive isolates were obtained and analyzed for antimicrobial resistance. The genetic diversity of a selected number of them was evaluated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and PCR with the ERIC-2 primer. A predominant genotype, designated genotype A, was identified among isolates from four of the five hospitals evaluated. Eighty-four ceftazidime-resistant isolates were evaluated for metallo-ß-lactamase production, which was detected in 20 (91%) of 22 genotype A isolates and 11 (18%) of 62 isolates belonging to other genotypes (P < 0.05). Two metallo-ß-lactamase-producing genotype A isolates also produced an extended-spectrum ß-lactamase. The occurrence of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains belonging to a unique genotype in different hospitals in Rio de Janeiro underscores the importance of the contribution of a single clone to the increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa nosocomial infections.

Present address: Fleury-Centro de Medicina Diagnóstica, São Paulo, SP 04344-070, Brazil.

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