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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2003, p. 4642-4646, Vol. 41, No. 10
0095-1137/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.41.10.4642-4646.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Human Metapneumovirus Infection in the Canadian Population

Nathalie Bastien,1 Diane Ward,1 Paul Van Caeseele,2 Ken Brandt,3 Spencer H. S. Lee,4 Gail McNabb,5 Brian Klisko,2 Edward Chan,3 and Yan Li1*

National Microbiology Laboratory, Canadian Science Center for Human and Animal Health,1 Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba,2 Provincial Laboratory, Saskatchewan Health, Regina, Saskatchewan,3 Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia,4 British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada5

Received 6 February 2003/ Returned for modification 7 April 2003/ Accepted 21 July 2003

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), a newly discovered paramyxovirus, has been associated with acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) ranging from upper ARIs to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Important questions remain on the contribution of hMPV to ARIs and its impact on public health. During the 2001-2002 season, we conducted a collaborative study with four provincial public health laboratories to study the prevalence of this new virus in the Canadian population. A total of 445 specimens were collected from patients of all age groups with ARIs and were tested for the presence of hMPV by reverse transcription-PCR. Of these, 66 (14.8%) tested positive for hMPV. Positive specimens were found in all age groups and in all four provinces studied. Virus activity peaked in February and March. The age range of the patients with hMPV infection was 2 months to 93 years (median age, 25 years), with similar numbers of females (35%) and males (41%). Thirty-three percent (n = 22) of hMPV-infected patients were hospitalized; of these, 27% (n = 6) had rhinitis and pneumonia, 23% (n = 5) had bronchiolitis, and 9% (n = 2) had bronchitis. The hospitalization rates were significantly higher among patients <5 years of age (P = 0.0005) and those >50 years of age (P = 0.0044) than among those 6 to 50 years of age. Phylogenetic analysis of the F gene showed that two hMPV genetic clusters were cocirculating in the 2001-2002 season, and comparison with earlier studies suggests a temporal evolutionary pattern of hMPV isolates. These results provide further evidence of the importance of hMPV in ARIs, particularly in young children and elderly individuals.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Microbiology Laboratory, Canadian Science Center for Human and Animal Health, 1015 Arlington St., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3R2, Canada. Phone: (204) 789-6045. Fax: (204) 789-2082. E-mail: yan_li{at}hc-sc.gc.ca.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2003, p. 4642-4646, Vol. 41, No. 10
0095-1137/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.41.10.4642-4646.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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