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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2004, p. 12-15, Vol. 42, No. 1
0095-1137/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.1.12-15.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Utility of the Focus Technologies West Nile Virus Immunoglobulin M Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Testing Cerebrospinal Fluid

Harry E. Prince,* Mary Lape'-Nixon, Ronald J. Moore, and Wayne R. Hogrefe

Focus Technologies, Cypress, California 90630

Received 2 August 2003/ Returned for modification 11 September 2002/ Accepted 11 October 2003

Focus Technologies has developed an immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit that utilizes recombinant West Nile virus (WNV) antigens to detect WNV IgM in serum. We evaluate here the utility of the kit for detecting WNV IgM in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The sensitivity was evaluated by using 52 CSF specimens from the 2002 WNV season that were positive in both the Public Health Service Laboratories WNV IgM ELISA and an in-house WNV IgM ELISA with native WNV antigen. The specificity was evaluated with two groups of specimens: (i) 73 CSF specimens submitted for in-house WNV IgM ELISA testing from February through April 2003 and yielding a negative WNV IgM result and (ii) 60 CSF specimens determined to be positive for another virus by PCR testing. Using these 185 CSF specimens at a screening dilution of 1:2, the kit was determined to be 100% sensitive and 100% specific. Endpoint titers were determined for 20 IgM-positive CSF specimens by testing serial twofold dilutions and ranged from 1:8 to 1:512. Index values (specimen absorbance value/calibrator absorbance value) for the screening dilution (1:2) showed no correlation with IgM titers, whereas index values for higher dilutions showed significant correlation with IgM titers. CSF screening dilutions of greater than 1:2 are not recommended, however, due to the risk of obtaining false-negative results. These findings show that the Focus Technologies WNV IgM capture ELISA, when utilized as recommended, offers accurate qualitative detection of WNV IgM in CSF specimens.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Focus Technologies, 5785 Corporate Ave., Cypress, CA 90630. Phone: (714) 503-2047. Fax: (714) 484-1296. E-mail: hprince{at}focustechnologies.com.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2004, p. 12-15, Vol. 42, No. 1
0095-1137/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.1.12-15.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Prince, H. E., Calma, J., Pham, T., Seaton, B. L. (2009). Frequency of Missed Cases of Probable Acute West Nile Virus (WNV) Infection when Testing for WNV RNA Alone or WNV Immunoglobulin M Alone. CVI 16: 587-588 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Groves, S. S., Turell, M. J., Bailey, C. L., Morozov, V. N. (2008). Rapid Active Assay for the Detection of Antibodies to West Nile Virus in Chickens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 78: 63-69 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Prince, H. E., Lape-Nixon, M. (2005). Evaluation of a West Nile Virus Immunoglobulin A Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. CVI 12: 231-233 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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