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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2004, p. 242-249, Vol. 42, No. 1
0095-1137/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.1.242-249.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Surveillance Network for Herpes Simplex Virus Resistance to Antiviral Drugs: 3-Year Follow-Up

C. Danve-Szatanek,^1* M. Aymard,¹ D. Thouvenot,¹ F. Morfin,¹ G. Agius,² I. Bertin,³ S. Billaudel,⁴ B. Chanzy,⁵ M. Coste-Burel,⁴ L. Finkielsztejn,³ H. Fleury,⁶ T. Hadou,⁷ C. Henquell,⁸ H. Lafeuille,⁸ M. E. Lafon,⁶ A. Le Faou,⁷ M. C. Legrand,⁹ L. Maille,² C. Mengelle,¹⁰ P. Morand,¹¹ F. Morinet,¹² E. Nicand,¹³ S. Omar,¹⁴ B. Picard,⁹ B. Pozzetto,¹⁴ J. Puel,¹⁰ D. Raoult,¹⁵ C. Scieux,¹² M. Segondy,¹⁶ J. M. Seigneurin,¹¹ R. Teyssou,¹³ and C. Zandotti¹⁵

CHU Lyon, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08,¹ CHU Jean Bernard, 86021 Poitiers,² Laboratoire GlaxoSmithKline, 78163 Marly-le-Roi,³ CHU Nantes, 44035 Nantes,⁴ CH Annecy, 74011 Annecy,⁵ CHU Pellegrin, 33076 Bordeaux,⁶ CHU Brabois, 54500 Vandoeuvre les Nancy,⁷ CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand,⁸ CHU Morvan, 29609 Brest,⁹ CHU Purpan, 31059 Toulouse,¹⁰ CHU Michallon, 38013 Grenoble,¹¹ CHU Saint Louis, 75475 Paris,¹² HIA Val de GrÂce, 75230 Paris,¹³ CHU Nord, 42055 Saint Etienne,¹⁴ CHU Timone, 13005 Marseille,¹⁵ CHU Saint Eloi, 34059 Montpellier, France,¹⁶

Received 16 May 2003/ Returned for modification 21 July 2003/ Accepted 2 September 2003

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are very common in the general population and among immunocompromised patients. Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective treatment which is widely used. We deemed it essential to conduct a wide and coordinated survey of the emergence of ACV-resistant HSV strains . We have formed a network of 15 virology laboratories which have isolated and identified, between May 1999 and April 2002, HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 strains among hospitalized subjects. The sensitivity of each isolate to ACV was evaluated by a colorimetric test (C. Danve, F. Morfin, D. Thouvenot, and M. Aymard, J. Virol. Methods 105:207-217, 2002). During this study, 3,900 isolated strains among 3,357 patients were collected; 55% of the patients were immunocompetent. Only six immunocompetent patients excreted ACV-resistant HSV strains (0.32%), including one female patient not treated with ACV who was infected primary by an ACV-resistant strain. Among the 54 immunocompromised patients from whom ACV-resistant HSV strains were isolated (3.5%), the bone marrow transplantation patients showed the highest prevalence of resistance (10.9%), whereas among patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus, the prevalence was 4.2%. In 38% of the cases, the patients who excreted the ACV-resistant strains were treated with foscarnet (PFA), and 61% of them developed resistance to PFA. The collection of a large number of isolates enabled an evaluation of the prevalence of resistance of HSV strains to antiviral drugs to be made. This prevalence has remained stable over the last 10 years, as much among immunocompetent patients as among immunocompromised patients.

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: CHU Lyon, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France. Phone: 33 4 78 77 70 29. Fax: 33 4 78 01 48 87. E-mail: christelle.szatanek{at}free.fr.

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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, January 2004, p. 242-249, Vol. 42, No. 1
0095-1137/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.1.242-249.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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