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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2004, p. 3675-3680, Vol. 42, No. 8
0095-1137/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.8.3675-3680.2004

Population Genetic Analysis of Bartonella bacilliformis Isolates from Areas of Peru Where Carrion's Disease Is Endemic and Epidemic

Tina M. Hambuch ,1,{dagger},¶ Scott A. Handley,1,{ddagger},¶ Barbara Ellis,2,¶ Judith Chamberlin,1,§,¶ Sofia Romero,3,¶ and Russell Regnery1*,¶

Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases,1 Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333,2 Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-47993

Received 5 November 2003/ Returned for modification 16 December 2003/ Accepted 19 February 2004

Carrion's disease is caused by infection with the {alpha}-proteobacterium Bartonella bacilliformis. Distribution of the disease is considered coincident with the distribution of its known vector, the sand fly Lutzomyia verrucarum. Recent epidemics of B. bacilliformis infections associated with atypical symptomatology in nonendemic regions have raised questions regarding the historic and present distribution of this bacterium and the scope of disease that infection causes. Phylogenetic relationships and genomic diversity of 18 B. bacilliformis isolates (10 isolates from a region where Carrion's disease is epidemic, Cuzco, Peru, and 8 isolates from a region where Carrion's disease is endemic, Caraz, Peru) were assessed using genomic data generated by infrequent restriction site PCR and gene sequence analysis of the flagellin gltA and ialB genes. A population genetic analysis of the genomic diversity suggests that what was once considered an epidemic region of Peru did not result from the recent introduction of B. bacilliformis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Poxvirus Section, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, NCID, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-1080. Fax: (404) 639-3111. E-mail: Rregnery{at}cdc.gov.

{dagger} Present address: Department Biologie II, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität Muenchen, 80333 Munich, Germany.

Present address: Poxvirus Section, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.

{ddagger} Present address: Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology, St. Louis, MO 63110.

§ Present address: Westat Corporation, Rockville, MD 20850.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2004, p. 3675-3680, Vol. 42, No. 8
0095-1137/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JCM.42.8.3675-3680.2004




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