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Diagnostic Evaluation of a Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR Assay for Detection of Classical Swine Fever Virus

Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Greenport, New York,¹ Tetracore Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland,² Laboratorio Veterinario Central "LAVECEN", Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic³

Received 27 February 2004/ Returned for modification 31 May 2004/ Accepted 6 September 2004

A fluorogenic-probe hydrolysis (TaqMan)-reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR for classical swine fever virus (CSFV) was evaluated for diagnostic sensitivity and specificity by using clinical samples obtained from the Dominican Republic, where the disease is enzootic. The sensitivity of this test, using nasal swab samples taken from both symptomatic and asymptomatic animals, exceeded the diagnostic sensitivity of virus isolation (100% versus 72.4%, respectively) with little loss of specificity (98.9% versus 100%, respectively). At the herd level, three of four infected farms were identified by virus isolation, while the CSFV real-time RT-PCR assay identified all four infected premises. This simple and accurate test permits rapid detection of CSFV in affected herds.

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