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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2005, p. 4930-4942, Vol. 43, No. 10
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.10.4930-4942.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Molecular Phylogeny of the Pseudallescheria boydii Species Complex: Proposal of Two New Species{dagger}

Felix Gilgado, Josep Cano, Josepa Gené, and Josep Guarro*

Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Cièncias de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain

Received 21 March 2005/ Returned for modification 5 May 2005/ Accepted 20 July 2005

Pseudallescheria boydii (anamorph Scedosporium apiospermum) is the species responsible for human scedosporiosis, a fungal infection with a high mortality rate and which is difficult to treat. Recently, it has been demonstrated that high genetic variation exists within this species. We have performed a morphological and molecular study involving numerous strains of clinical or environmental origins and from different countries. The analysis of partial sequences of the ß-tubulin (two loci) and calmodulin genes and the internal transcribed spacer region of the rRNA gene has demonstrated that P. boydii is a species complex. The combined analysis of the sequences of the four loci of 60 strains has showed the presence of 44 haplotypes in the ingroup. Three species morphologically related to P. boydii sensu stricto, i.e., Pseudallescheria angusta, Pseudallescheria ellipsoidea, and Pseudallescheria fusoidea, which had previously been considered synonyms, could be differentiated genetically from P. boydii in our study. It is relevant that two of the three strains now included in P. ellipsoidea have caused invasive infections. The species Pseudallescheria minutispora and Scedosporium aurantiacum are clearly phylogenetically separated from the other species studied and are here proposed as new. Morphological features support this proposal. All the strains included in S. aurantiacum species have a clinical origin, while those included in P. minutispora are environmental. Further studies are needed to demonstrate whether all the species included in the P. boydii complex have different clinical spectra and antifungal susceptibility.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unitat de Microbiologia Facultat de Medicina i Ciencias de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili C/Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain. Phone: 34 977 759359. Fax: 34 977 759322. E-mail: josep.guarro{at}urv.net.

{dagger} A publication of the ECMM Working Group on Pseudallescheriasis.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2005, p. 4930-4942, Vol. 43, No. 10
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.10.4930-4942.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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