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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2005, p. 5009-5017, Vol. 43, No. 10
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.10.5009-5017.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Phylogenetic Characterization of Canine Distemper Viruses Detected in Naturally Infected Dogs in North America

Ingrid D. R. Pardo, Gayle C. Johnson, and Steven B. Kleiboeker*

Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory and the Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65211

Received 5 April 2005/ Returned for modification 27 May 2005/ Accepted 19 July 2005

In 2004, six puppies and one adult dog from a total of four premises were subjected to necropsy evaluation. For five of the seven dogs, disease caused by canine distemper virus (CDV) infection was suspected based on clinical signs. In all of the dogs, a diagnosis of CDV infection was established by the presence of compatible gross and histologic lesions, immunohistochemical labeling for CDV antigen, and detection of CDV RNA by reverse transcription-PCR. To further characterize the CDV strains detected in the four cases, complete gene sequences were determined for the hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) protein genes, while partial gene sequencing was performed for the phosphoprotein gene. A total of 4,508 bases were sequenced for the CDV strains detected from each of the four cases. Two cases were found to have identical sequences except for 2 bases in the intergenic region of the F and H genes. Phylogenetic analysis strongly suggested an evolutionary relationship between sequences detected in these two cases and those of phocine distemper virus 2 and two other strains of CDV not previously detected in the continental United States. Clear phylogenetic relationships were not established for viruses detected in the two additional cases; however, one strain showed similarity to CDV strains detected in a panda from China. Importantly, the three CDV strains detected were demonstrated to be genetically distinct from known vaccine strains and strains previously reported in the continental United States.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Missouri, 1600 E. Rollins, Columbia, MO 65211. Phone: (573) 882-6811. Fax: (573) 882-1411. E-mail: KleiboekerS{at}Missouri.edu.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2005, p. 5009-5017, Vol. 43, No. 10
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.10.5009-5017.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Kapil, S., Allison, R. W., Johnston, L. III, Murray, B. L., Holland, S., Meinkoth, J., Johnson, B. (2008). Canine Distemper Virus Strains Circulating among North American Dogs. CVI 15: 707-712 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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