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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2005, p. 5195-5201, Vol. 43, No. 10
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.10.5195-5201.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

First Case of Septicemia Due to a Strain Belonging to Enteric Group 58 (Enterobacteriaceae) and Its Designation as Averyella dalhousiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., Based on Analysis of Strains from 20 Additional Cases

Andrew S. Johnson,^1* Cheryl L. Tarr,^2,3 B. H. Brown Jr,^2,4 Karen M. Birkhead,² and J. J. Farmer III²

Department of Medicine and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1V7,¹ Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333,² Battelle Memorial Institute, Battelle Science and Technology International, Chemical and Environmental Technologies, Atlanta Analytical Chemistry Group, 2971 Flowers Road South, Atlanta, Georgia 30341,³ Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30310⁴

Received 6 May 2005/ Returned for modification 1 June 2005/ Accepted 8 August 2005

When enteric group 58 was first described as a distinct new group of Enterobacteriaceae in 1985, there were only five known human isolates: four from wounds and one from feces. In 1996, we investigated the first blood isolate of enteric group 58, a case of sepsis in a 33-year-old woman receiving total parenteral nutrition. Fifteen additional clinical isolates have since been identified at CDC, including several recognized from a collection of "unidentified" strains dating back to 1973. All strains were characterized with a standard set of 49 biochemical tests used for Enterobacteriaceae, and the results were analyzed to determine phenotypic relatedness and best taxonomic fit. Antibiograms were determined as a taxonomic tool. Original identifications provided by submitting laboratories encompassed a wide variety of Enterobacteriaceae, including 14 species in eight genera, the most common being Enterobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Serratia spp., Kluyvera spp., or Escherichia spp. Enteric group 58 strains have been most frequently isolated from traumatic injuries, fractures, and wounds and rarely from feces. Defining its clinical significance and distinguishing infection from colonization requires further study, but our case report indicates that serious systemic infection can occur. The vernacular name enteric group 58 was used from 1985 to 2004. In this paper, we formally name it Averyella dalhousiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., on the basis of its unique phenotype and its unique 16S rRNA gene sequence. These data indicate that enteric group 58 is not closely related to any of the existing genera or species of Enterobacteriaceae. The type strain is designated CDC9501-97, and a phenotypic definition is given based on all 21 strains.

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* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Medicine, Peter Lougheed Centre, 3500-26th Ave. N.E., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T1Y 6J4. Phone: (403) 943-5681. Fax: (403) 943-4017. E-mail: asjohnson_{at}hotmail.com.

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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2005, p. 5195-5201, Vol. 43, No. 10
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.10.5195-5201.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.