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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2005, p. 5397-5399, Vol. 43, No. 10
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.10.5397-5399.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

CASE REPORT

Combination Assay Detecting both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) p24 Antigen and Anti-HIV Antibodies Opens a Second Diagnostic Window

David Speers,1* Peter Phillips,1 and John Dyer2

Division of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Western Australian Centre for Pathology and Medical Research (PathCentre), Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,1 Infectious Diseases Department, Fremantle Hospital, Alma Street, Fremantle, Western Australia 6160, Australia2

Received 28 February 2005/ Returned for modification 13 April 2005/ Accepted 26 July 2005

Fourth-generation human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening immunoassays reduce the diagnostic window between infection and diagnosis by the inclusion of HIV p24 antigen detection together with HIV antibody detection in the same test. We compared third- and fourth-generation HIV immunoassays and a dedicated HIV p24 antigen test for detection of a case of HIV seroconversion. This demonstrated a second diagnostic window using the fourth-generation assay due to a decline of HIV p24 antigen prior to the detection of HIV antibody. However, HIV p24 antigen was detected in the same sample by the dedicated HIV p24 antigen test, as was HIV proviral DNA. Although it is likely to be rare, this phenomenon has also been reported for other fourth-generation HIV immunoassays and has implications for the reported diagnostic windows of these assays.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Western Australian Centre for Pathology and Medical Research (PathCentre), Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia. Phone: 61 08 9346 3122. Fax: 61 08 9346 3960. E-mail: david.speers{at}health.wa.gov.au.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2005, p. 5397-5399, Vol. 43, No. 10
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.10.5397-5399.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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  • Guan, M. (2007). Frequency, Causes, and New Challenges of Indeterminate Results in Western Blot Confirmatory Testing for Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus. CVI 14: 649-659 [Full Text]  
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