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Distribution of Strain Families of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Causing Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Disease in Hospitalized Children in Cape Town, South Africa

Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,¹ Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe,² National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa,³ Wellcome Trust Center for Research in Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom⁴

Received 27 June 2005/ Returned for modification 9 August 2005/ Accepted 12 August 2005

We studied the association between strain family and extrapulmonary tuberculosis among 285 children presenting to a pediatric hospital. Extrapulmonary disease occurred in 56% of children without known human immunodeficiency virus infection, with meningitis accounting for 22% of the cases. Two strain families, LAM3/F11 and W-Beijing, predominated; but there was no overall association with extrapulmonary disease.

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