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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 2005, p. 3273-3277, Vol. 43, No. 7
0095-1137/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.43.7.3273-3277.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Extended-Spectrum-ß-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Yaounde, Cameroon

Laboratory of General Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon,¹ A Stampor "School of Public Health" Medical School, University of Zagreb, Croatia,² Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 1364 Yaounde, Cameroon,³ Laboratory of Bacteriology, Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon,⁴ Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zürich, P.O. Box, CH-8028 Zürich, Switzerland,⁵ NENT/NANT, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Berne, Länggassstrasse 122, P.O. Box, CH-3001 Berne, Switzerland⁶

Received 28 December 2004/ Returned for modification 18 February 2005/ Accepted 22 March 2005

Organisms producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported in many countries, but there is no information on the prevalence of ESBL-producing members of the family Enterobacteriaceae in Cameroon. A total of 259 Enterobacteriaceae strains were isolated between 1995 and 1998 from patients at the Yaounde Central Hospital in Cameroon. Enterobacterial isolates resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporin and monobactam were screened for ESBL production by the double-disk (DD) synergy test. Thirty-one (12%) of these Enterobacteriaceae strains were shown to be positive by the DD synergy test, suggesting the presence of ESBLs. Resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins and monobactams of 12 (38.7%) of the 31 strains—i.e., 6 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 4 Escherichia coli, 1 Citrobacter freundii, and 1 Enterobacter cloacae strain—was transferred to E. coli HK-225 by conjugation. Resistance to gentamicin, gentamicin plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was cotransferred into 6, 2, and 1 of these transconjugants, respectively. All 12 transconjugants were resistant to amoxicillin, piperacillin, all of the cephalosporins, and aztreonam but remained susceptible to cefoxitin and imipenem. Crude extracts of ß-lactamase-producing transconjugants were able to reduce the diameters of inhibition zones around disks containing penicillins, narrow- to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins or monobactams when tested against a fully susceptible E. coli strain but had no effect on such zones around cefoxitin, imipenem, and amoxicillin-clavulanate disks. The ß-lactamases produced by the 12 tranconjugants turned out to be SHV-12 by DNA sequencing. Therefore, the ESBL SHV-12 is described for the first time in Cameroon.

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