This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Trindade, M. A. B.
Right arrow Articles by Naafs, B.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Trindade, M. A. B.
Right arrow Articles by Naafs, B.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, December 2006, p. 4616-4618, Vol. 44, No. 12
0095-1137/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.01425-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

CASE REPORT

Two Patients Coinfected with Mycobacterium leprae and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Naïve for Antiretroviral Therapy Who Exhibited Type 1 Leprosy Reactions Mimicking the Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome{triangledown}

M. A. B. Trindade,1,2* N. Y. S. Valente,1 M. I. P. Manini,3 M. D. F. Takahashi,1,3 C. F. D. Anjos,4 G. Benard,1 and B. Naafs5,6

Department of Dermatology, Medical School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,1 Health Institute, São Paulo State Health Department, São Paulo, Brazil,2 Center of Dermatology, São Paulo State Health Department, São Paulo, Brazil,3 Emílio Ribas Infectious Diseases Institute, São Paulo State Health Department, São Paulo, Brazil,4 Lauro de Souza Lima Institute of the São Paulo State Health Department, São Paulo, Brazil,5 Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands6

Received 10 July 2006/ Returned for modification 31 July 2006/ Accepted 22 September 2006

Two case reports of patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection who developed leprosy are presented. Both developed type 1 leprosy reactions in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. Reactions have been described for a number of HIV-1- and Mycobacterium leprae-coinfected patients and have been considered to be part of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) since the reactions were usually linked to the administration of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The reports of our two patients suggest that the type 1 reactions in patients with leprosy and HIV may not always be an IRIS manifestation but may be akin to the classical reactional state described for the natural course of leprosy infection, which occurs in leprosy patients due to the fluctuations of the antimycobacterial immune response, whether they are coinfected with HIV or not.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Dermatology, Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Rua Cristiano Viana 450, ap. 163, São Paulo CEP 05411-000, Brazil. Phone: 55 11 32562656. Fax: 55 11 3159-8279. E-mail: angelatrindade{at}uol.com.br.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 4 October 2006.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, December 2006, p. 4616-4618, Vol. 44, No. 12
0095-1137/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.01425-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Vinay, K., Smita, J., Nikhil, G., Neeta, G. (2009). Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Leprosy Coinfection in Pune, India. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47: 2998-2999 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»