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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, February 2006, p. 495-503, Vol. 44, No. 2
0095-1137/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.44.2.495-503.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Multilocus Microsatellite Typing as a New Tool for Discrimination of Leishmania infantum MON-1 Strains

Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Dorotheenstr. 96, 10117 Berlin, Germany

Received 15 July 2005/ Returned for modification 7 September 2005/ Accepted 16 November 2005

The Leishmania donovani complex, which consists of L. donovani, L. infantum-L. chagasi, and L. archibaldi, is responsible for visceral manifestations of leishmaniasis. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis is the standard method for the characterization and identification of strains of Leishmania. For L. infantum, the predominance of zymodeme MON-1 significantly reduces the discriminative power of this approach. In the present study, we developed 17 independent polymorphic microsatellite markers for the typing of strains of L. infantum, with the main emphasis on zymodeme MON-1. The discriminative powers of 11 markers selected from among these markers were tested by using a panel of 63 isolates of the L. donovani complex. Unique multilocus genotypes were observed for the strains analyzed, with only three exceptions. Model-based and distance-based analyses of the data set showed comparable results. It was possible to discriminate between L. donovani sensu stricto, a non-MON-1 group of L. infantum isolates, and a MON-1 group of L. infantum isolates. Within MON-1, three clusters with geographical correlations became apparent. The frequency of heterozygosity in the alleles analyzed varied extremely between the different groups of isolates. The main clusters described are not consistent with species definitions based on isoenzyme analysis but confirm the results of former PCR-based investigations.

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