This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Pfaller, M. A. Articles by Diekema, D. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Pfaller, M. A. Articles by Diekema, D. J.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, March 2006, p. 760-763, Vol. 44, No. 3
0095-1137/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.44.3.760-763.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vitro Susceptibilities of Candida spp. to Caspofungin: Four Years of Global Surveillance

Departments of Pathology,¹ Epidemiology,² Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine and College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242³

Received 3 November 2005/ Returned for modification 13 December 2005/ Accepted 26 December 2005

Caspofungin is being used increasingly as therapy for invasive candidiasis. Prospective sentinel surveillance for emergence of in vitro resistance to caspofungin among invasive Candida spp. isolates is indicated. We determined the in vitro activity of caspofungin against 8,197 invasive (bloodstream or sterile-site) unique patient isolates of Candida collected from 91 medical centers worldwide from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2004. We performed antifungal susceptibility testing according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, formerly NCCLS) M27-A2 method and used a 24-h prominent inhibition endpoint for determination of the MIC. Of 8,197 invasive Candida spp. isolates, species distribution was as follows: 54% Candida albicans, 14% C. glabrata, 14% C. parapsilosis, 11% C. tropicalis, 3% C. krusei, and 4% other Candida spp. Overall, caspofungin was very active against Candida (MIC₅₀/MIC₉₀, 0.03/0.25 µg/ml; 98.2% were inhibited at a MIC of 0.5 µg/ml and 99.7% were inhibited at a MIC of 1 µg/ml). Results by species (expressed as MIC₅₀/MIC₉₀ and the percentage inhibited at 1 µg/ml) were as follows: C. albicans, 0.03/0.06, 99.9; C. glabrata, 0.03/0.06, 99.9; C. parapsilosis, 0.5/0.5, 99.0; C. tropicalis, 0.03/0.06, 99.7; C. krusei, 0.12/0.5, 99.0; and C. guilliermondii, 0.5/1, 94.4. Of the 25 isolates with caspofungin MICs of >1 µg/ml, 12 isolates were C. parapsilosis, 6 isolates were C. guilliermondii, 2 isolates were C. rugosa, and 1 isolate each was C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae, and C. tropicalis. There was no significant change in caspofungin activity over the 4-year study period. Likewise, there was no difference in activity by geographic region. Caspofungin has excellent in vitro activity against invasive clinical isolates of Candida from centers worldwide. Our prospective sentinel surveillance reveals no evidence of emerging caspofungin resistance among invasive clinical isolates of Candida.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Lass-Florl, C., Mayr, A., Perkhofer, S., Hinterberger, G., Hausdorfer, J., Speth, C., Fille, M. (2008). Activities of Antifungal Agents against Yeasts and Filamentous Fungi: Assessment according to the Methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52: 3637-3641 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Garcia-Effron, G., Katiyar, S. K., Park, S., Edlind, T. D., Perlin, D. S. (2008). A Naturally Occurring Proline-to-Alanine Amino Acid Change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis Accounts for Reduced Echinocandin Susceptibility. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52: 2305-2312 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Desnos-Ollivier, M., Dromer, F., Dannaoui, E. (2008). Detection of Caspofungin Resistance in Candida spp. by Etest. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46: 2389-2392 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cleary, J. D., Garcia-Effron, G., Chapman, S. W., Perlin, D. S. (2008). Reduced Candida glabrata Susceptibility Secondary to an FKS1 Mutation Developed during Candidemia Treatment. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52: 2263-2265 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Brown, S. D., Traczewski, M. M. (2008). Caspofungin Disk Diffusion Breakpoints and Quality Control. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46: 1927-1929 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kabbara, N., Lacroix, C., Peffault de Latour, R., Socie, G., Ghannoum, M., Ribaud, P. (2008). Breakthrough C. parapsilosis and C. guilliermondii blood stream infections in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients receiving long-term caspofungin therapy. haematol 93: 639-640 [Full Text]  
• Pfaller, M. A., Diekema, D. J., Gibbs, D. L., Newell, V. A., Ng, K. P., Colombo, A., Finquelievich, J., Barnes, R., Wadula, J., the Global Antifungal Surveillance Group, (2008). Geographic and Temporal Trends in Isolation and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida parapsilosis: a Global Assessment from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program, 2001 to 2005. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46: 842-849 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dannaoui, E., Lortholary, O., Raoux, D., Bougnoux, M. E., Galeazzi, G., Lawrence, C., Moissenet, D., Poilane, I., Hoinard, D., Dromer, F., and the YEASTS Group, (2008). Comparative In Vitro Activities of Caspofungin and Micafungin, Determined Using the Method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against Yeast Isolates Obtained in France in 2005-2006. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52: 778-781 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pfaller, M. A., Diekema, D. J., Gibbs, D. L., Newell, V. A., Nagy, E., Dobiasova, S., Rinaldi, M., Barton, R., Veselov, A., the Global Antifungal Surveillance Group, (2008). Candida krusei, a Multidrug-Resistant Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen: Geographic and Temporal Trends from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program, 2001 to 2005. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46: 515-521 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lockhart, S. R., Messer, S. A., Pfaller, M. A., Diekema, D. J. (2008). Lodderomyces elongisporus Masquerading as Candida parapsilosis as a Cause of Bloodstream Infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46: 374-376 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pfaller, M. A., Boyken, L., Hollis, R. J., Kroeger, J., Messer, S. A., Tendolkar, S., Diekema, D. J. (2008). In Vitro Susceptibility of Invasive Isolates of Candida spp. to Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, and Micafungin: Six Years of Global Surveillance. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46: 150-156 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Milici, M. E., Maida, C. M., Spreghini, E., Ravazzolo, B., Oliveri, S., Scalise, G., Barchiesi, F. (2007). Comparison between Disk Diffusion and Microdilution Methods for Determining Susceptibility of Clinical Fungal Isolates to Caspofungin. J. Clin. Microbiol. 45: 3529-3533 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Melo, A. S., Colombo, A. L., Arthington-Skaggs, B. A. (2007). Paradoxical Growth Effect of Caspofungin Observed on Biofilms and Planktonic Cells of Five Different Candida Species. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51: 3081-3088 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baixench, M.-T., Aoun, N., Desnos-Ollivier, M., Garcia-Hermoso, D., Bretagne, S., Ramires, S., Piketty, C., Dannaoui, E. (2007). Acquired resistance to echinocandins in Candida albicans: case report and review. J Antimicrob Chemother 59: 1076-1083 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Veroux, M., Corona, D., Macarone, M., Gagliano, M., Giuffida, G., Veroux, P. (2007). Caspofungin in kidney transplant recipients with refractory invasive candidiasis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 1487-1488 [Full Text]  
• Espinel-Ingroff, A., Canton, E., Gibbs, D., Wang, A. (2007). Correlation of Neo-Sensitabs Tablet Diffusion Assay Results on Three Different Agar Media with CLSI Broth Microdilution M27-A2 and Disk Diffusion M44-A Results for Testing Susceptibilities of Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans to Amphotericin B, Caspofungin, Fluconazole, Itraconazole, and Voriconazole. J. Clin. Microbiol. 45: 858-864 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pfaller, M. A., Diekema, D. J. (2007). Epidemiology of Invasive Candidiasis: a Persistent Public Health Problem. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 20: 133-163 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Coen, M., Bodkin, J., Power, D., Bubb, W. A., Himmelreich, U., Kuchel, P. W., Sorrell, T. C. (2006). Antifungal Effects on Metabolite Profiles of Medically Important Yeast Species Measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50: 4018-4026 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pfaller, M. A., Boyken, L., Hollis, R. J., Messer, S. A., Tendolkar, S., Diekema, D. J. (2006). Global Surveillance of In Vitro Activity of Micafungin against Candida: a Comparison with Caspofungin by CLSI-Recommended Methods.. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44: 3533-3538 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pfaller, M. A., Diekema, D. J., Mendez, M., Kibbler, C., Erzsebet, P., Chang, S.-C., Gibbs, D. L., Newell, V. A., the Global Antifungal Surveillance Group, (2006). Candida guilliermondii, an Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen with Decreased Susceptibility to Fluconazole: Geographic and Temporal Trends from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program.. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44: 3551-3556 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Katiyar, S., Pfaller, M., Edlind, T. (2006). Candida albicans and Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates Exhibiting Reduced Echinocandin Susceptibility.. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50: 2892-2894 [Abstract] [Full Text]