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Use of Semiconductor-Based Oligonucleotide Microarrays for Influenza A Virus Subtype Identification and Sequencing

Michael J. Lodes,^1,* Dominic Suciu,^1, Mark Elliott,¹ Axel G. Stover,¹ Marty Ross,¹ Marcelo Caraballo,¹ Kim Dix,¹ James Crye,¹ Richard J. Webby,² Wanda J. Lyon,³ David L. Danley,¹ and Andrew McShea¹

CombiMatrix Corporation, Mukilteo, Washington 98275,¹ St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105,² AFIOH/SDE, Brooks City AFB, San Antonio, Texas 78235³

Received 12 October 2005/ Returned for modification 24 November 2005/ Accepted 14 January 2006

In the face of concerns over an influenza pandemic, identification of virulent influenza A virus isolates must be obtained quickly for effective responses. Rapid subtype identification, however, is difficult even in well-equipped virology laboratories or is unobtainable in the field under more austere conditions. Here we describe a genome assay and microarray design that can be used to rapidly identify influenza A virus hemagglutinin subtypes 1 through 15 and neuraminidase subtypes 1 through 9. Also described is an array-based enzymatic assay that can be used to sequence portions of both genes or any other sequence of interest.

M.J.L. and D.S. contributed equally to this study.

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