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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 2006, p. 3422-3425, Vol. 44, No. 9
0095-1137/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.01269-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Diversity of Bacillus anthracis Strains in Chad: Detection of a New Phylogenetic Subgroup

Angaya Maho,¹ Alexandra Rossano,² Herbert Hächler,^2,3, Anita Holzer,^2,3 Esther Schelling,⁴ Jakob Zinsstag,⁴ Mahamat H. Hassane,¹ Bhen S. Toguebaye,⁵ Ayayi J. Akakpo,⁶ Matthew Van Ert,⁷ Paul Keim,^7,8 Leo Kenefic,⁷ Joachim Frey,^2,3 and Vincent Perreten^2*

Laboratoire de Recherches Vétérinaires et Zootechniques, BP433 Farcha, N'Djaména, Chad,¹ Swiss Tropical Institute, PO Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland,⁴ Département de Biologie Animale, Université Cheik Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal,⁵ Département de Microbiologie, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaire, Dakar, Sénégal,⁶ Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5640,⁷ The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), 400 N. Fifth Street Ste. 1600, Phoenix, Arizona 85004,⁸ National Centre for Anthrax,³ Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Berne, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland²

Received 21 June 2006/ Accepted 16 July 2006

We genotyped 15 Bacillus anthracis isolates from Chad, Africa, using multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis and three additional direct-repeat markers. We identified two unique genotypes that represent a novel genetic lineage in the A cluster. Chadian isolates were susceptible to 11 antibiotics and free of 94 antibiotic resistance genes.

Present address: Institute of Medical Microbiology, Cantonal Hospital, CH-6000 Lucerne 16, Switzerland.

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