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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, July 2007, p. 2144-2150, Vol. 45, No. 7
0095-1137/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00174-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Discovery of a Novel Human Picornavirus in a Stool Sample from a Pediatric Patient Presenting with Fever of Unknown Origin

Clinical Investigation Facility, David Grant USAF Medical Center, 101 Bodin Circle, Travis Air Force Base, California 94535,¹ Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Health Services, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Richmond, California 94804,² Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands,³ D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 123098 Moscow, Russia⁴

Received 23 January 2007/ Returned for modification 20 February 2007/ Accepted 17 April 2007

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a serious problem in the United States. An unidentified agent was cultured from the stool of an infant who presented with FUO. This virus showed growth in HFDK cells and suckling mice. Using DNase sequence-independent single-primer amplification, we identified several nucleotide sequences with a high homology to Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. Nearly full-length viral genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis demonstrate that this virus is a member of the Cardiovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family.

Published ahead of print on 25 April 2007.

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