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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 2007, p. 2770-2778, Vol. 45, No. 9
0095-1137/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00360-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Reclassification of Phenotypically Identified Staphylococcus intermedius Strains{triangledown}

Takashi Sasaki,1 Ken Kikuchi,1* Yoshikazu Tanaka,2 Namiko Takahashi,1 Shinichi Kamata,2 and Keiichi Hiramatsu1

Department of Infection Control Science, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan,1 Department of Veterinary Hygiene, Veterinary School, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyounan, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan2

Received 15 February 2007/ Returned for modification 24 April 2007/ Accepted 19 June 2007

To reclassify phenotypically identified Staphylococcus intermedius strains, which might include true S. intermedius strains and novel species such as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus delphini, we analyzed molecular phylogenies and phenotypic characteristics of 117 S. intermedius group (SIG) strains tentatively identified as being S. intermedius by the Rapid ID32 Staph assay. From phylogenetic analyses of sodA and hsp60 sequences, the SIG strains were divided into three clusters, which belonged to S. pseudintermedius LMG 22219T, S. intermedius ATCC 29663T, and S. delphini LMG 22190T. All the SIG strains from dogs, cats, and humans were identified as being S. pseudintermedius. The wild pigeon strains, except one, were identified as being S. intermedius, and strains from all domestic pigeons, one wild pigeon, horses, and a mink were identified as being S. delphini. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis of nuc genes revealed that S. delphini strains were divided into two clusters: one was the cluster (S. delphini group A) that belonged to S. delphini LMG 22190T, and the other was the cluster (S. delphini group B) that was more related to S. pseudintermedius LMG 22219T than S. delphini LMG 22190T. The DNA-DNA hybridization results showed that S. delphini group B strains were distinguished from S. delphini group A, S. intermedius, and S. pseudintermedius strains. S. intermedius is distinguishable from S. pseudintermedius or S. delphini by positive arginine dihydrolase and acid production from ß-gentiobiose and D-mannitol. However, phenotypical characteristics to differentiate S. delphini group A, S. delphini group B, and S. pseudintermedius were not found. In conclusion, SIG strains were reclassified into four clusters with three established and one probably novel species.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Infection Control Science, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan. Phone: 81-3-3813-3111, ext. 3822. Fax: 81-3-3816-2782. E-mail: kikuti{at}med.juntendo.ac.jp

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 27 June 2007.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, September 2007, p. 2770-2778, Vol. 45, No. 9
0095-1137/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.00360-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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