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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2008, p. 3259-3269, Vol. 46, No. 10
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.02354-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis Due to the Novel Hexon-Chimeric-Intermediate 22,37/H8 Human Adenovirus {triangledown}

Koki Aoki,1 Hiroaki Ishiko,2* Tsunetada Konno,2 Yasushi Shimada,2 Akio Hayashi,2 Hisatoshi Kaneko,3 Takeshi Ohguchi,1 Yoshitsugu Tagawa,1 Shigeaki Ohno,1 and Shudo Yamazaki4

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan,1 Host Defense Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Tokyo 174-8535, Japan,2 Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan,3 AIDS Vaccine Development Association, Tokyo 169-0075, Japan4

Received 8 December 2007/ Returned for modification 5 March 2008/ Accepted 22 July 2008

In a 2-month period in 2003, we encountered an outbreak of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) in Japan. We detected 67 human adenoviruses (HAdVs) by PCR from eye swabs of patients with EKC at five eye clinics in different parts of Japan. Forty-one of the 67 HAdV DNAs from the swabs were identified as HAdV-37 by phylogenetic analysis using a partial hexon gene sequence. When the restriction patterns of these viral genomes were compared with that of the HAdV-37 prototype strain, one isolate showed a never-before-seen restriction pattern. Within 1 year, we encountered three more EKC cases caused by a genetically identical virus: two nosocomial infections at two different university hospitals and a sporadic infection at an eye clinic. We determined the nucleotide sequences of the full-length hexon and fiber genes of these isolates and compared them to those of the 51 prototype strains. Surprisingly, the sequence of the hexon ({varepsilon} determinant) loop-1 and -2 regions showed the highest nucleotide identity with HAdV-22, a rare EKC isolate. However, the nucleotide sequence of the fiber gene was identical to that of the HAdV-8 prototype strain. 22 We propose that this virus is a new hexon-chimeric intermediate HAdV-22,37/H8, and may be an etiological agent of EKC.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Host Defense Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Medience Corporation, Shimura 3-30-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8555, Japan. Phone: 81-3-5994-2340. Fax: 81-3-5994-2972. E-mail: Ishiko.Hiroaki{at}mp.medience.co.jp

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 13 August 2008.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2008, p. 3259-3269, Vol. 46, No. 10
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.02354-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Robinson, C. M., Rajaiya, J., Walsh, M. P., Seto, D., Dyer, D. W., Jones, M. S., Chodosh, J. (2009). Computational Analysis of Human Adenovirus Type 22 Provides Evidence for Recombination among Species D Human Adenoviruses in the Penton Base Gene. J. Virol. 83: 8980-8985 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ishiko, H., Aoki, K. (2009). Spread of Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis Due to a Novel Serotype of Human Adenovirus in Japan. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47: 2678-2679 [Full Text]  
  • Kaneko, H., Iida, T., Ishiko, H., Ohguchi, T., Ariga, T., Tagawa, Y., Aoki, K., Ohno, S., Suzutani, T. (2009). Analysis of the complete genome sequence of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis-related human adenovirus type 8, 19, 37 and a novel serotype. J. Gen. Virol. 90: 1471-1476 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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