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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, April 2008, p. 1226-1231, Vol. 46, No. 4
0095-1137/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JCM.02170-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Development and Evaluation of Immunochromatographic Assay for Simple and Rapid Detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in Human Stool Specimens

Division of Bacteriology, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 3-69, Nakamichi 1-chome, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan

Received 9 November 2007/ Returned for modification 4 January 2008/ Accepted 25 January 2008

An immunochromatographic assay (Campy-ICA) using a newly generated single monoclonal antibody against a 15-kDa cell surface protein of Campylobacter jejuni was developed. When cell suspensions of 86 C. jejuni strains and 27 Campylobacter coli strains were treated with a commercially available bacterial protein extraction reagent and the resulting extracts were tested with the Campy-ICA, they all yielded positive results. The minimum detectable limits for the C. jejuni strains ranged from 1.8 x 10⁴ to 8.2 x 10⁵ CFU/ml of cell suspension, and those for the C. coli strains ranged from 1.4 x 10⁵ to 4.6 x 10⁶ CFU/ml of cell suspension. All 26 non-Campylobacter species tested yielded negative results with the Campy-ICA. To evaluate the ability of the Campy-ICA to detect C. jejuni and C. coli in human stool specimens, suspensions of 222 stool specimens from patients with acute gastroenteritis were treated with the bacterial protein extraction reagent, and the resulting extracts were tested with the Campy-ICA. The Campy-ICA results showed a sensitivity of 84.8% (28 of 33 specimens) and a specificity of 100% (189 of 189 specimens) compared to the results of isolation of C. jejuni and C. coli from the stool specimens by a bacterial culture test. The Campy-ICA was simple to perform and was able to detect Campylobacter antigen in a fecal extract within 15 min. These results suggest that Campy-ICA testing of fecal extracts may be useful as a simple and rapid adjunct to stool culture for detecting C. jejuni and C. coli in human stool specimens.

Published ahead of print on 6 February 2008.